κεῖμαι + ἅμα

Validation

No

Last modification

Tue, 06/29/2021 - 09:19

Word-form

κόσμος

Transliteration (Word)

kosmos

English translation (word)

order

Transliteration (Etymon)

keimai + hama

English translation (etymon)

to lie + at the same time

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etymologicum (excepta e codice regio 2610), p. 178

Ed.

G.H.K. Koës, Orionis Thebani etymologicon (ed. F.G. Sturz), Leipzig: Weigel, 1820 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1973): 173-184

Quotation

Κόσμος· διὰ τὸ κεῖσθαι ἅμα

Translation (En)

Kosmos "order": because it holds together (lit. it lies (keîsthai) together (hama))

Comment

The etymology is designed to account for the meaning "universe", as consisting of elements composed in an orderly fashion and stable. From the formal point of view, it requires several manipulations, κεῖμαι supposedly accounting for κοσ- (which implies the loss of [s] and the change of the vowel) and ἅμα for -μος (ἅμα provides the [m]). Greek etymologists normally use ἅμα to account for the beginning of the word, as the first element of the assumed compound, not at the end of the word: but they had a theory according to which prefixes could sometimes be found at the end of the word, which is particularly clear with the privative prefix νη- (see σελήνη / σέλας + νη-), and presumably the reasoning was similar for ἅμα

Parallels

Orion, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. Vat. gr. 1456) 96 (idem); Etym. Parvum, kappa 56 (Κόσμος· παρὰ τὸ κεῖσθαι ἅμα); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 532 (Κόσμος: Παρὰ τὸ κεῖσθαι ἅμα, ἢ παρὰ τὸ κοσμῶ, ὁ [τὰ] πάντα ἐν ἑαυτῷ ἔχων κεκοσμημένα καὶ διατεταγμένα. Ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ κάζω κέκασμαι, ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα κασμός· καὶ κατὰ μετάθεσιν τοῦ α εἰς ο, καὶ ἐναλλαγῇ τοῦ τόνου, κόσμος)

Modern etymology

Derivative of *keNs- "to put in order" and, as such, related within Greek to κέκασμαι (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Yes

Entry By

Le Feuvre