κεῖμαι + ἅμα
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
κόσμος
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
kosmos
English translation (word)
order
Transliteration (Etymon)
keimai + hama
English translation (etymon)
to lie + at the same time
Century
5 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etymologicum (excepta e codice regio 2610), p. 178
Ed.
G.H.K. Koës, Orionis Thebani etymologicon (ed. F.G. Sturz), Leipzig: Weigel, 1820 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1973): 173-184
Quotation
Κόσμος· διὰ τὸ κεῖσθαι ἅμα
Translation (En)
Kosmos "order": because it holds together (lit. it lies (keîsthai) together (hama))
Parallels
Orion, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. Vat. gr. 1456) 96 (idem); Etym. Parvum, kappa 56 (Κόσμος· παρὰ τὸ κεῖσθαι ἅμα); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 532 (Κόσμος: Παρὰ τὸ κεῖσθαι ἅμα, ἢ παρὰ τὸ κοσμῶ, ὁ [τὰ] πάντα ἐν ἑαυτῷ ἔχων κεκοσμημένα καὶ διατεταγμένα. Ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ κάζω κέκασμαι, ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα κασμός· καὶ κατὰ μετάθεσιν τοῦ α εἰς ο, καὶ ἐναλλαγῇ τοῦ τόνου, κόσμος)
Modern etymology
Derivative of *keNs- "to put in order" and, as such, related within Greek to κέκασμαι (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
Yes
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
The etymology is designed to account for the meaning "universe", as consisting of elements composed in an orderly fashion and stable. From the formal point of view, it requires several manipulations, κεῖμαι supposedly accounting for κοσ- (which implies the loss of [s] and the change of the vowel) and ἅμα for -μος (ἅμα provides the [m]). Greek etymologists normally use ἅμα to account for the beginning of the word, as the first element of the assumed compound, not at the end of the word: but they had a theory according to which prefixes could sometimes be found at the end of the word, which is particularly clear with the privative prefix νη- (see σελήνη / σέλας + νη-), and presumably the reasoning was similar for ἅμα