σέλας + νη-

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Thu, 08/19/2021 - 11:52

Word-form

σελήνη

Transliteration (Word)

selēnē

English translation (word)

moon

Transliteration (Etymon)

selas + nē-

English translation (etymon)

glow + not

Author

Etym. Gudianum

Century

11

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, gamma, p. 296

Ed.

E.L. de Stefani, Etymologicum Gudianum, fasc. 1 & 2, Leipzig: Teubner, 1:1909; 2:1920

Quotation

τὰ στερητικὰ καὶ τὰ ἐπιτατικὰ πάντα ἐν τῇ ἀρχῇ θέλουσι τίθεσθαι, πλὴν τοῦ γαλήνη, χελώνη, σελήνη· […] σελήνη δὲ παρὰ τὸ σέλας, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ ⟦φ⟧ῶς, καὶ τοῦ νη στερητικοῦ, ἡ ἐστερημένη τοῦ σέλα<ο>ς

Translation (En)

The privative prefixes and the intensive ones must all be placed at the beginning of the word, except in galēnē "windless sea", khelōnē "turtle", selēnē "moon" […] selēnē comes from selas which means "light", and from the privative particle  "not", as the one deprived of light.

Comment

This etymology implies the same etymon σέλας as the competing etymology (see σελήνη / σέλας + νέον), but instead of understanding the moon as the "glowing one", it understands it as the "glowing not". This either simply means that the moon shines much less than the sun because it is not firelike ((σέλας was used for the sun and for fire)), or implies some scientific knowledge of the nature of the moon, which gets its glow from the sun and is deprived of an internal source of light. This scientific fact is then mapped onto the word and a different etymology invented to agree with it. From the formal point of view, this etymology is explicitly given as one of three exceptions to the rule that a privative prefix is always prefixed and never suffixed (never at the end of the word). This explanation with a suffixed νη- is already found in Orion for χελώνη (see χελώνη / κέλλω), but not for σελήνη. The privative prefix νη- is a creation of Greek and not an inherited morpheme, and as the regular privative prefix ἀ- of which it is a variant, it is never found at the end of a word. The principle of assuming that a prefix can become a postfix, that is, appear at the end of the word, may be based on the use of prepositions in anastrophe in prepositional phrases in poetry: compare one of the etymologies provided for καρδία as κῆρ + διά.

Parallels

There is no parallel

Modern etymology

Σελήνη is a derivative of σέλας "gleam", *σελασ-νᾱ "the gleaming one"

Persistence in Modern Greek

Σελήνη is still used in Modern Greek to designate the moon (Triandafyllidis, Dictionary of Modern Greek)

Entry By

Le Feuvre