λάπτω

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Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

λάβρος

Transliteration (Word)

labros

English translation (word)

violent, impetuous

Transliteration (Etymon)

laptō

English translation (etymon)

to lap, to drink eagerly

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

fr. 535

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

Orion

Ref.

Etymologicum, lambda, p. 94

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

(Theodoridis) λάβρος· παρὰ τὸ λάπτω. οὕτω Φιλόξενος.

Translation (En)

Labros "violent": from laptō "to drink eagerly". Philoxenus.

Comment

Orion's text has erroneously λούπτω instead of λάπτω. Philoxenus' etymology cannot be understood if we separate from the etymology of λαῖλαψ "furious storm", fr. 536: λαῖλαψ· παρὰ τὸ λάπτω, ὁ μέλλων λάψω, καὶ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ω λάψ, ὡς φυλάξω φύλαξ, ἑλίξω ἕλιξ, καὶ κατὰ ἀναδιπλασιασμὸν λάλαψ, μετὰ προσθέσεως τοῦ ι λαῖλαψ. δηλοῖ δὲ τὴν λίαν {καὶ} σφοδρὰν καὶ ἐπιτεταμένην λαβρότητα τοῦ πνεύματος "lailaps "furious storm" comes from laptō "to drink eagerly", the future is lapsō, and by dropping of the [ō], laps, as in phulaxō "I will keep", phulax "guard", helixō "I will twist", helix "twisting"; by reduplication, *lalaps, and adjunction of the [i], lailaps. It means the extreme and intense violence of the wind" (see λαῖλαψ / λάπτω) Thus, λαβρός being an epithet of the wind and λαίλαψ a windstorm, the two were etymologized together. The verb λάπτω was etymologized as a compound of the intensive λα- and ἅπτω "to touch" (Orion, Etymologicum, lambda, p. 96, probably going back to Philoxenus although it is not in Theodoridis: Λάπτω. παρὰ τὸ λα μόριον ἐπίτασιν δηλοῦν, ὡς καὶ τὸ αρι, καὶ τὸ ερι, καὶ τὸ ζα. τὰ λάπτω οὖν δηλοῖ τὸ λίαν ἅπτεσθαι. λάπτοντες, οἷον προσκείμενοι τῷ ὕδατι) (see λάπτω / λα- + ἅπτω). Arguably, a windstorm "touches violently", and so does the λάβρος "violent" wind. And "to drink eagerly" was to "touch impetuously" water. From a formal point of view, deriving λάβρος from λάπτω implies a change of voiceless [p] into voiced [b].

Parallels

There is no parallel

Modern etymology

Unclear (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has λάβρος as a learned word

Entry By

Le Feuvre