ἀνήρ + δαίω2
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
ἀνδρακάς
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
andrakas
English translation (word)
man by man
Transliteration (Etymon)
anēr + daiō
English translation (etymon)
man + to divide
Century
11 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, alpha, p. 137
Ed.
E.L. de Stefani, Etymologicum Gudianum, fasc. 1 & 2, Leipzig: Teubner, 1:1909; 2:1920
Quotation
⸤Ὅμηρος. Ἀνδρακά⸥ς <ν 14>· ὡς ἑκάς, ⸤ἐπιρρημα⸥τικῶς· καὶ σημαίνει κατ’ ἄνδρα. ⸤δύναται δὲ⸥ καὶ ἴση μερὶς ⸤κατ’⸥ ἄνδρα εἶναι· κοι⸤ν⸥ωνίαν γὰρ ἔχει τὸ δ πρὸς τὸ κ, ὡς τὸ δαί[ν]ειν καίειν· ἀνδρακάς οὖν οἷον ἀνδραδάς.
Translation (En)
Homer andrakas "man by man". As hekas "separately", adverbially. And it means "man by man". But it can also mean that there is an equal part for each man, because the [d] has an affinity with the [k], as in daiō / kaiō "to burn", therefore andrakas is a sort of *andradas
Parallels
There is no parallel
Modern etymology
Derived from ἀνήρ with the distributive suffix -κας found in ἕκαστος, ἑκάς, cognate with Ved. -śas (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
No
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Elliptic etymology: the word is parsed as a compound of ἀνήρ + δαίω "to divide", which is not given, hence the ghost-form *ἀνδραδάς assumed as etymon of ἀνδρακάς. The only verb δαίω mentioned is the homonymous δαίω "to burn", which happens to have next to it a synonym καίω "to burn", hence the conclusion that [d] and [k] have a specific affinity: since the example given is with δαίω1 "to burn", there is no need to mention the homonymous δαίω2 "to divide". From the semantic point of view, the notion of division can explain the distributive meaning of the lemma, it is something which is divided between men.