βάσις + στήριγμα
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
βακτηρία
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
baktēria
English translation (word)
stick, staff
Transliteration (Etymon)
basis + stērigma
English translation (etymon)
stepping + support
Century
9 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etym. Genuinum, beta 15
Ed.
F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras, Etymologicum magnum genuinum. Symeonis etymologicum una cum magna grammatica. Etymologicum magnum auctum, vol. 2, Athens: Parnassos Literary Society, 1992
Quotation
Βακτηρία· εἴρηται ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐρείδειν τὴν βάσιν ἐπ’ αὐτῆς, τουτέστιν στήριγμα εἶναι τοῦ περιπατεῖν καὶ βαδίζειν εὐκόλως
Translation (En)
Baktēria "staff": it gets its name from the fact that the walk (basin) leans on it, that is, it is a support (stērigma) for walking and moving easily
Parallels
Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 185 (Βακτηρία: Ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐρείδειν τὴν βάσιν ἐπ’ αὐτῆς· τουτέστι στήριγμα εἶναι τοῦ περιπατεῖν καὶ βαδίζειν εὐκόλως. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ τὴν βάσιν τηρεῖν); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 386 (idem); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, beta, p. 372 (idem)
Modern etymology
Cognate with Lat. baculum "staff", Old Irish bacc "hook" (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
MG still has βακτηρία "staff" (and βακτήριον "bacteria")
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Compositional etymology identifying the first element as βάσις "walk, stepping" and the second one as στήριγμα "support". The formal etymon is στηρίζω, στήριγμα, which accounts for the sequence -τηρι-. The original formulation probably was ἀπὸ τοῦ τὴν βάσιν στηρίζειν ἐπ᾽αὐτῆς, τούτεστι ἐρείδειν with the real etymon first and the synonym explaining it in second position. But the compiler dropped the etymon and kept only the synonym ἐρείδειν, which is more usual, therefore more useful for the semantic aspect of the etymology, maybe because στήριγμα was repeated afterwards and he thought that was enough. As a result, form (στηρίζω) and meaning ("to lean") are dissociated and the explanation looks incomplete—and it is. The etymology implies a formal manipulation, change of [s] into [k]. From the semantic point of view, it is a functional etymology as the competing one βάσις + τηρέω.