ὑπό + νόος
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Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
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Quotation
Παρὰ τὸ ὕπνος· τοῦτο ἐκ τῆς ὕπο προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ νοῦς, ὃ γέγονεν ὑπόνοος, καὶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν ὕπνος. Ἐτυμολογεῖται δὲ παρὰ τὸ ὑπονοστεῖν τὰς φρένας ἢ ὑποχωρεῖν· ἐν αὐτῷ γὰρ αἱ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου αἰσθήσεις ὑποχωροῦσιν
Translation (En)
From hupnos "sleep". And the latter comes from the prefix hupo "under" and the word nous "mind", yielding *huponoos, and through syncope hupnos. It is etymologized after the fact that the sprit is going down (hyponostein) or giving way. Because in sleep the human senses give way.
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, upsilon, p. 543 (Ὕπνος, ὁ ὑπόνοος, ἀφαιρεῖ τὸν νοῦν, ὅθεν ἄτερπνον φασὶ τὸν ἄϋπνον); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 780 (Ὕπνος: Παρὰ τὸ ὑπονοστεῖν, ἤγουν ὑποχωρεῖν· ἐν αὐτῷ γὰρ αἱ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου αἰσθήσεις ὑποχωροῦσιν. Ἢ παρὰ τὴν ὑπὸ πρόθεσιν καὶ τὸ νοῦς νοὸς, ὑπόνοος· καὶ συγκοπῇ, ὕπνος· ἐν γὰρ τῷ ὕπνῳ αἱ φρένες καὶ ὁ νοῦς ὑποχωρεῖ. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ λύειν τοὺς πόνους, λύπονός τις ὤν· καὶ συγκοπῇ καὶ ἀφαιρέσει τοῦ λ, ὕπνος)
Comment
The word is parsed as a compound "having his mind below" (*ὑπόνοος), that is "below the normal level". This etymology requires only a syncope. Choeroboscus quotes afterwards a different etymology by ὑπονοστέω, which is older, as an alternative etymology.