ὁμοῦ + ῥέω
Word
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Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
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Quotation
Ὄμβρος. παρὰ τὸ ὁμοῦ ῥεῖν, ὅμορος, συγκοπὴ καὶ πλεονασμὸς, ὄμβρος.
Translation (En)
Ombros ("storm of rain"): from homou ("together") rhein ("to flow"), *omoros; syncope and addition of a letter give ombros.
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, omicron, p. 426 (Ὄμβρος, παρὰ τὸ βάρος, καὶ μετὰ τοῦ ἐπιτατικοῦ α ἄβαρος ὁ πάνυ βαρὺς, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς ο ὄβαρος, καὶ ἐκβολῇ τοῦ α, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ ὄμβρος· ἐτυμολογεῖται παρὰ τὸ ὁμοῦ ῥεῖν); ibid., p. 427 (Ὀμβρήματα, ἐκ τοῦ ὀμβρῶ, ὀμβρήσω· τὸ δὲ ὀμβρῶ παρὰ τὸ ὄμβρος· ἢ παρὰ τὸ βάρος, καθ’ ὑπερβιβασμὸν ἄβρος, τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς ο καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ ὄμβρος, ὁ βαρέως φερόμενος· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ὁμοῦ καὶ τὸ ῥόος, ὅμορος καὶ ὄμβρος, ἐπειδὴ τὸ ο οὐ δύναται εἶναι πρὸ τοῦ ρ, εἴτε κατὰ διάστασιν, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ· καὶ γίνεται ὄμβρος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 623 (Ὄμβρος: Παρὰ τὸ ὁμοῦ ῥεῖν, ὁμόροος, ὅμορος, καὶ συγκοπῇ ὄμρος· καὶ ἐπεὶ τὸ μ πρὸ τοῦ ρ οὐ δύναται εἶναι, πλεονάζει τὸ β, καὶ γίνεται ὄμβρος, ὁ ὁμοῦ ῥέων καὶ κατερχόμενος. Ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ φέρω κατὰ συγκοπὴν φρὸς καὶ βρὸς, καὶ προσθήκῃ τοῦ ο, ὄβρος, ὥσπερ στοῦν ὀστοῦν, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ, ὄμβρος. Ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ βάρος βρὸς καὶ ὄμβρος, ὁ βαρέως φερόμενος); Scholia in Oppianum, Hal. 1.45 (ὄμβρος παρὰ τὸ ὁμοῦ ῥέειν ὁμόῤῥοος, καὶ ἐν συγκοπῇ ὄμβρος· ἐπεὶ τὸ μ πρὸ τοῦ ῥοῦ δασύνεται, ἔστι πλεονασμὸς τοῦ β); ibid., 1.54 (idem).
Comment
Compositional etymology relying on the fact that rain is water, therefore the -ros must refer to something related to water, hence "to flow". Then the omb- remained to be accounted for: as for many words in om-, the sequence was identified as the adverb ὁμοῦ "together", although the latter has a rough breathing which ὄμβρος does not have. The [r] is explained as resulting from the insertion of a letter, without further explanation. Greek grammarians had spotted the mechanism of epenthetic consonants in a sequence nasal + liquid (see βλίττω / μέλι), and this is explicit in the formulation of the Byzantine Etymologica ("the [m] cannot stand before [r]", see Parallels) but here the formulation does not hint at that phenomenon but simply says that a letter was added: the precision may have been in the original work or Orion and was dropped by the abbreviator