βαίνω

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

βόθρος

Transliteration (Word)

bothros

English translation (word)

hole, trench

Transliteration (Etymon)

bainō

English translation (etymon)

to go

Author

Etym. Gudianum

Century

11 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Gudianum, beta, p. 276

Ed.

E. de Stefani, Etymologicum Gudianum 1 , Leipzig 1909

Quotation

Βόθρος· παρὰ τὸ βῶ βέω (ἐξ οὗ καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ι βείω) βέθρος καὶ βόθρος κατὰ ἀντίφρασιν, ἐφ’ ὃν οὐδεὶς βαίνει· ἢ παρὰ τὸ βάθος βάθρος καὶ βόθρος

Translation (En)

Bothros "hole": from "I go", beō (from which, through the addition of i, beiō), *bethros and bothros by antiphrasis, the one over which nobody goes; or from bathus "deep", *bathros and bothros

Comment

Derivational etymology relying on an antiphrasis: the trench is what on which one does not walk (etymology a contrario). It implies a suffix -θρο- and a formal manipulation, a change of the vowel

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 204 (Βόθρος: Δῆλον τὸ σημαινόμενον. Ὅμηρος, ‘Βόθρον ὀρύξαι ὅσον τε πυγούσιον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα’. Παρὰ τὸ βῶ, βέω, βέθρος, καὶ βόθρος, κατὰ ἀντίφρασιν, ἐφ’ ὃν οὐδεὶς βαίνει· ἢ παρὰ τὸ βάθος, βάθρος, καὶ βόθρος. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ βάραθρον, συγκοπῇ καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς ο)

Modern etymology

Probably cognate with Lat. fodiō "to dig", from *bhedh- "to dig", with initial [b] analogical after βαθύς (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Yes, as a learned word

Entry By

Le Feuvre