κόσμος
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Κομόωντας, μεγαλοφρονοῦντας, μετοχὴ, τὸ θέμα κομῶ συζυγίας πρώτης καὶ δευτέρας· καί τι σημαίνει ὅτε ἐστι πρώτης; καί τι σημαίνει, ὅτε ἔστι δευτέρας; καὶ πόσα σημαίνει; ὅτε ἐστι πρώτης, σημαίνει τὸ θεραπεύω καὶ ἐπιμελοῦμαι, τοῦτο μὲν θεράποντε κομείτην (Il. 8.109) ἐξ οὗ καὶ κατὰ παραγωγὴν κομίζειν καὶ κομίσαι τέ με (Il. 5.359)· ὅτε δέ ἐστι δευτέρας, σημαίνει τὸ εὐφραίνομαι καὶ ἀγάλλομαι, καὶ τὰς τρίχας τρέφω· τὸ δὲ κομαστὴς οὔκ ἐστιν ἐκ τούτου, ἀλλ’ ἐκ τοῦ κομάζω· τὸ δὲ κομῶ ἐκ τοῦ κόσμος· καὶ γὰρ κόσμον ὁ δημιουργὸς ἐνέθηκε τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τὰς τρίχας· ἐκ δὲ τοῦ κομῶ καὶ τοῦ ἵππος γίνεται τὸ ἱπποκόμος· καὶ γηρωκόμος· διάτι βαρύνεται; ἐπειδὴ τὰ ἀπὸ ῥημάτων συντιθέμενα ὀνόματα πρὸ μιᾶς ἔχουσι τὸν τόνον, οἷον, ἱπποκόμον· πηλίκα· τοῦτο γὰρ ἀπὸ τοῦ κόμη συνεθέτη τοῦ ὀνόματος, καὶ οὐκ ἀπὸ τοῦ ῥήματος.
Translation (En)
Komoōntas "hairy": proud, in the participle. The verb komô <inflects according to> the first or the second conjugation. And what does it mean when it is a first-conjugation verb, and what does it mean when it is a second-conjugation verb? When it is a first-conjugation verb (komeō), it means "to take care of" and "to tend", ‘two companions took care of that one‘ (); from that verb is derived komizein "to take care of", and ‘take acre of me’. When it is a second-conjugation verb (komaō), it means "to rejoice" and "to exult", and "to have long hair". But the word komastēs is not derived from it, but from komazō. And komô comes from kosmos "order": as a matter of fact, the creator gave hair as an ornament for men. And from komô come hippokomos "taking care of the horses" and gērōkomos (sic) "taking care of old people". Why is it (= hippokomos) barytone? Because compound words from verbs are paroxytone, as hippokomon. How much? Because the latter (= hippokomos) comes from the noun komē "hair", not from the verb
Parallels
The etymology may already be present in Philoponus, De vocabulis quae diversum significatum exhibent secundum differentiam accentus, Recensio c, kappa 17 (κομῶν· ὁ κοσμῶν)
Comment
The comment shows that, although κομέω and κομάω are morphologically distinct (belonging to a different inflection type), the fact that the lemma, the 1sg indicative present, is identical, leads the lexicographer to treat them as one word and to provide a unique etymology. The verb is assumed to be derived from κόσμος "order, ornament", because "to tend" (κομέω) is "to put in order" and κομάω "to have long hair" is "to be ornate", since hair (κόμη) is assumed to be derived from κόσμος (see κὀμη / κόσμος). The etymology is paronymic and the derivation from κοσμέω "to put in order" to κομέω implies only one manipulation, dropping of the [s]. The last sentence, τοῦτο γὰρ ἀπὸ τοῦ κόμη συνεθέτη τοῦ ὀνόματος, καὶ οὐκ ἀπὸ τοῦ ῥήματος, comes from a different source and contradicts the preceding analysis by saying ἱπποκόμος is a possessive compound (to put it in modern terms) of the noun κόμη and not a Object-Verb compound corresponding to κομέω. The Gudianum's notice is in fact drawn from the Epimerismi homerici, which have a better text and do not have τὸ δὲ κομῶ ἐκ τοῦ κόσμος, but τὸ δὲ κόμη ἐκ τοῦ κόσμος (Epimerismi homerici ordine alphabetico traditi, kappa 4, see κομάω / κόσμος). The etymology is reversible: Eustathius derived κόσμος from κομέω (Comm. Il. 1, 43 Van der Valk, see κόσμος / κομέω)