Ἄρης
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
ἀρητῆρα: Ἰωνικὸν τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς η· ἀρατήρ παρὰ τὸ ἀρῶ ἀρᾷς ἀράσω, ἀρατήρ καὶ ἀρητήρ. τὸ δὲ ἀρῶ παρὰ τὸ ἀρά· | τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ αἴρω, τὸ κουφίζω, <...> τὸ εἰς ὕψος αἴρειν τὰς χεῖρας. λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἀρά ἡ εὐχὴ καὶ ἡ κατάρα, ἴσως ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἄρεος, βλαπτικοῦ ὄντος
Translation (En)
Arētēra "priest". Ionic, through change of the [a] into [ē]: aratēr, from arô, arais, arasō, aratēr and arētēr. And arô comes from ara "prayer". The latter comes from airō "to lift" >…> raising hands upwards. Ara means both "prayer" and "curse", maybe from Ares "Ares", as he is harmful.
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 193 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 134 (Ἀρά: Ἡ εὐχή· παρὰ τὸ αἴρειν τὰς χεῖρας εὐχομένους· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἀρύειν, ὅπερ ἐπὶ τὸ ἐπικαλεῖσθαι ἔταττον, καὶ μάλιστα Συρακούσιοι, ‘Ἀρύετ’ ἂν φύζην’. Ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐπικαλεῖσθε καὶ ἐφέλκεσθε. Ἀρύω, ἀρά. Ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἄρεος, βλαπτικοῦ ὄντος, ἀρὰ ἡ βλάβη· καὶ ἀραῖα, βίαια, δεινὰ, χαλεπὰ, ὀδυνηρά· σημαίνει καὶ τὰ εὐκταῖα); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 164 (idem); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, alpha, p. 295 (Ἀρά. ἡ κατάρα. λέγεται καὶ ἡ εὐχή. παρὰ τὸ αἴρειν τὰς χεῖρας εὐχομένους. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἀρύειν, τὸ ἐπικαλεῖσθαι, ἀρά. ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἄρεως βλαπτικοῦ ὄντος)
Comment
The etymology by Ares is meant to account for the negative meaning "curse, malediction". It is a mere paronymic etymology which relies on the shared feature [harmful] of the god and the curse.