ἄγαν + νύσσω

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Fri, 06/04/2021 - 14:32

Word-form

ἀγανοῖς

Transliteration (Word)

aganos

English translation (word)

mild, gentle

Transliteration (Etymon)

agan + nussō

English translation (etymon)

in excess + to prick, to pierce

Author

Scholia in Odysseam

Source

Idem

Ref.

Scholia in Odysseam, γ 280b

Ed.

F. Pontani, Scholia Graeca in Odysseam, Scholia ad libros γ—δ, Vol. II. Rome 2010

Quotation

ἀγανοῖς] ἀπὸ τοῦ “ἄγαν νύσσειν

Translation (En)

aganois "hard": from the fact that they "pierce" (nussein) "strongly" (agan)

Comment

This etymology, which is found here only, was designed in order to account for a contextual use of ἀγανός as an epithet, not of "words" as usual, but of "arrows" (ἀγανοῖσι βέλεσσι), viz. Artemis' arrows. In this context, some scholars maintained the general meaning of ἀγανός, understanding that the phrase means "mild arrows", as a metaphor of painless death. But others thought "mil" was not appropriate as an epithet of "arrows" and understood it as "quick" or "hard" or "painful", hence different etymologies. The etymology by ἄγαν νύσσειν presumably relies on an interpretation "strong, hard". As the usual etymology (see ἀγανός / ἄγαν + αἰνέω), it identifies in the initial [aga] the adverb ἄγαν, and then a verb compatible with what an arrow does is provided as a second element (νύσσω "to stab, to pierce"), only the initial consonant being kept

Bibliography

On the different etymologies proposed by Greek scholars for the different Homeric contexts, see C. Le Feuvre, "Implicit elements in scholiasts' etymological analyses", in A. Zucker, C. Le Feuvre (Eds), Ancient and medieval Greek etymology. Theory and practice I, Berlin, de Gruyter, 2021, pp. 76-80

Modern etymology

Unknown (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has αγανός designating 1. "thinly waven" (fabric), 2. loose. There also is the adverb αγανά.

Entry By

Le Feuvre