χείρ
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
χορός
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
khoros
English translation (word)
dance, choir
Transliteration (Etymon)
kheir
English translation (etymon)
hand
Century
9 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Epimerismi in Psalmos p. 188
Ed.
T. Gaisford, Georgii Choerobosci epimerismi in Psalmos, vol. 3, Oxford, 1842
Quotation
Χορός παρὰ τὸ χαίρω, χαρὸς καὶ χορὸς, ἢ παρὰ χεὶρ χερός
Translation (En)
Khoros "choir" comes from khairō "to rejoice", *kharos and khoros, or from kheir, kheros "hand"
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, chi, p. 569 (Χορὸς, παρὰ τὸ χαίρω χαρὸς, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς ο χορός· ἢ παρὰ τὸ χεὶρ χειρός); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 813 (Χορός: Οἶμαι παρὰ τὸ χαίρειν· ἢ ἐκ τοῦ χῶρος· ἀπὸ τοῦ περιέχοντος τὸ περιεχόμενον. Ἢ χαίρω χαρὸς καὶ χορός. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ χεὶρ χερὸς, χορός)
Modern etymology
Etymology disputed. A connection with χαίρω has been advocated (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
The word is still used in Modern Greek to designate: 1. 'dancing', 2. 'the Chorus of ancient drama', 3. a "metaphysical" community, e.g., angels, martyrs.
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
The origin of this etymology is difficult. It may have been extrapolated from an etymology proposed for the compound χορηγός "chorege", understood as "the one who leads by the hand" (Etym. Gudianum, chi, p. 568: Χορηγός: Παρὰ τὸ χεὶρ χερὸς καὶ τὸ ἄγω γίνεται *χερηγός· καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ ε εἰς ο, χορηγὸς, ὁ διὰ χειρὸς ἄγων; = Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 813). Then a formal manipulation is required, change of the [e] into [o] according to the familiar alternation found in λέγω ~ λόγος. However, that implies starting from the poetic stem χερ- (which is explicit in Choeroboscus), not from the regular Ionic-Attic stem χειρ-. The etymology would then have been applied to the simple word χορός. Alternatively, it may have been abstracted from a different etymology proposed for χορός explained through a metathesis from *ὀρχός "dance" (see χορός / ὀρχέομαι), the latter explained as a compound χείρ + ὀγέγω