Ἄρης + ἵστημι
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Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
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Quotation
Ἰστέον δ’ ὅτι τρισὶ τροφαῖς ἐχρῶντο οἱ παλαιοί. ὧν τὸ πρῶτον, ἐκαλεῖτο ἄριστον, γινόμενον πάνυ πρωῒ ἅμ’ ἠοῖ φαινομένῃφι, ἄρεος ἱσταμένου. ὡς καὶ ἡ τοῦ ὀνόματος ἐτυμολογία δηλοῖ. εἶτα, τὸ δεῖπνον μεθ’ ὃ ἔδει πονεῖν, ὃ καὶ ἄριστον φασί τινες. τρίτον δὲ, δόρπος. ἐναντίον ἀρίστῳ. ἡνίκα δόρυ παύεται. ὅπερ ἡμεῖς παρὰ τὸ δεῖν τότε ὕπνου, δεῖπνον καλοῦμεν
Translation (En)
One must know that the Ancients had three meals. The first one was called ariston, it was taken early “as dawn appeared”, when fighting (Ares, god of war) was beginning, as the etymology of the noun makes it clear. Then, the deipnon, after which one has to work, which some call ariston. And the third one, the dorpos "dinner", which is the opposite of the ariston, when the spear (doru) comes to rest (pauetai). This one is called by us deipnon, because it is necessary (deîn) then to go to sleep (hupnou)
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Comment
This etymology, found only here, was probably designed as an improvement on the etymology deriving ἄριστον from Ares (see ἄριστον / Ἄρης), but saying nothing about the end of the word. It reflects the familiar opposition between derivational etymology and compositional etymology. Here the verb ἵσταμαι allegedly accounts for the second element of the compound, although the reduplicated present stem ἵστα- is never found as a second element in compounds. It is an etymology ex antonymo, designed in opposition to δόρπον / δόρυ + παύω