ἔαρ1
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Ἔαρ. ἐπὶ τοῦ αἵματος. διὰ τὸ ἐν τῷ ἔαρι [NB: Sturz ἀέρι] πλεονάζειν τὸ αἷμα. καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ ἔαρ. παρὰ τὸ πλεονάζειν ἐν τῇ ἕσει τῶν φυτῶν καὶ βοτανῶν. τινὲς δὲ κατὰ ἀποβολὴν τοῦ υ· εὖαρ γὰρ τὸ εὖ ἧκον ἀέρος. ἡ γὰρ τοῦ περιέχοντος ἔτους ἐστὶν ἡδίστη κρᾶσις· ὅτε μήτε χειμὼν, μήτε ἄγαν θέρος.
Translation (En)
Ear: for the "blood", because blood is more abundant in the spring (eari). And the "spring" itself, from the abundance in the production (hesei) of plants and vegetables. And some say it arose by dropping the /u/, for *euar is the part of air that is well convenient, for spring is the most pleasant season in the yearly cycle, when there is no bad weather and no excessive heat
Parallels
Suda, epsilon 10 (Ἔαρ: εὐκρασία τοῦ ἀέρος· ὥρα τοῦ ἔτους κατὰ τὴν πρὸς ἡμᾶς τοῦ ἡλίου πορείαν. κλίνεται δὲ ἔαρος καὶ κράσει ἦρος· καὶ ἡ δοτικὴ ἔαρι καὶ κράσει ἦρι. ἔαρ λέγεται καὶ τὸ αἷμα διὰ τὸ ἐν τῷ ἔαρι πλεονάζειν. ἧχι κονίστραι ἄξεινοι λύθρῳ τε καὶ εἴαρι πεπλήθασι. πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ι); Etym. Gudianum, epsilon, p. 406 (Εἶαρ· τὸ αἷμα· παρὰ τὸ ἐν τῷ ἔαρι πλεονάζειν τὸ αἷμα); Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, epsilon, p. 406 (Εἶαρ· ἐκ τοῦ ἔαρ ⟦....⟧.); Eytym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 307-308 ( Ἔαρ: Παρὰ τὸ αὔω, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ φαίνω, ἢ τὸ λάμπω. Ἐπὶ τοῦ αἵματος· διὰ τὸ ἐν τῷ ἔαρι πλεονάζειν τὸ αἷμα· ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ καιροῦ, παρὰ τὸ ἕω, τὸ πέμπω· τότε γὰρ ἐκπέμπονται οἱ καρποί· ἀπὸ τοῦ τὰ συνεχόμενα τῷ χειμῶνι καὶ μεμυκότα τότε προϊέναι); Etym. Symeonis, epsilon 7 ( Ἔαρ· ἐπὶ τοῦ αἵματος, διὰ τὸ ἐν τῷ ἔαρι πλεονάζειν τὸ αἷμα· ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ καιροῦ, παρὰ τὸ ἕω τὸ πέμπω· τότε γὰρ ἐκπέμπονται οἱ καρποί); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, epsilon, p. 592 (Ἔαρ. χρόνος, ἐν ᾧ τὸ ὑγρὸν μετὰ τοῦ θερμοῦ ἐπικρατεῖ. ἔαρ δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἔω τὸ πέμπω· τότε γὰρ ἐκπέμπονται οἱ καρποί. ἔαρ καὶ τὸ αἷμα, διὰ τὸ ἐν τῷ ἔαρι πλεονάζειν); Scholia in Nicandrum, Al. 314e (εἶαρ <δὲ XY> τὸ αἷμά <φησι Y> παρὰ τὸ ἐν ἔαρι πλημυρεῖν <καὶ πλεονάζειν G1X>); Scholia in Oppianum, Hal. 2.618 (Θερμὸν ἔαρ· αἷμα, ἔαρ δὲ τὸ αἷμά φησι διὰ τὸ ἐν ἔαρι τίκτεσθαι τὸ αἷμα ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ πολὺ, καὶ ὅτι τὸ ἔαρ δύο σημαίνει· τὸν καιρὸν, καὶ τὸ αἷμα· γεννητικὸν γὰρ αὐτῷ. ἔαρ· αἷμα, ἢ ἄνθος, διότι ἐν τῷ χειμῶνι αὔξει τὸ αἷμα)
Comment
Dervational etymology of the word by a homonym. Ἔαρ "blood" is etymologized by ἔαρ "spring". Formally, the etymology does not require any change since lemma and etymon are identical. This identity is semantically justified by the idea that spring is the season where blood is more abundant. This theory was already advocated by Greek physicians (Ps.-Hippocrates, Epistula ad Ptolemaeum regem, p. 289: Τὸ ἔαρ θερμὸν καὶ ὑγρὸν, διὰ τοῦτο καὶ αὔξησις αἵματος εἰς τὰ σώματα "the spring is warm and humid, this is why the quantity of blood in bodies increases"), based on the theory of humours: blood is warm and humid like spring.