ἐρύω
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
ῥυμός
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
rhumos
English translation (word)
pole of a chariot
Transliteration (Etymon)
eruō
English translation (etymon)
to draw
Century
5 AD
Source
idem
Ref.
Etymologicum, rho, p. 140
Ed.
F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820
Quotation
Ῥυμός. παρὰ τὸ ἐρύω, οὗ μέλλων ἐρύσω. ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν ἐρυσμός. ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ε καὶ σ, ῥυμός [NB: Sturz prints ἐρυγμός]
Translation (En)
Rhumos "pole" of a chariot. From eruō "to draw". The future is erusō, the verbal noun erusmos, and by loss of /e/ and /s/, rhumos
Parallels
A and bT Schol. Il. 5.729b (ῥυμός: τὸ ἀπὸ τοῦ δίφρου μέχρι τοῦ ζυγοῦ ξύλον, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐρύειν); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 706 (Ῥυμός: Τὸ μεταξὺ κατὰ μῆκος ξύλον τοῦ ἅρματος, ἤγουν τὸ προσηρτημένον τῷ ζυγῷ ὀρθὸν ξύλον. Παρὰ τὸ ἐρύω ἐρύσω, ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα, ἐρυσμός· καὶ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ε καὶ σ, ῥυμός); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, rho, p. 1621 (Ῥυμός. τὸ μεταξὺ κατὰ μῆκος ξύλον τοῦ ἅρματος, ἤγουν τὸ προσηρτυμένον τῷ ζυγῷ ὀρθὸν ξύλον. [παρὰ τὸ ἐρύω, ἐρύσω, ἐρυσμὸς, καὶ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ε καὶ ς ῥῆμα ὄνομα ῥυμός.])
Modern etymology
ῥυμός belongs with ἐρύω < *weru-, of which it is the zero grade. No certain cognate (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
No
Comment
Derivational functional etymology. The function of the pole is to allow the horses to draw the chariot. It requires one formal change, dropping the initial /a/. The derivation assumed by Orion is more complex, it starts from the future from where a noun ἐρυσμός is derived, which requires that not only the initial /e/ but also the internal /s/ be subsequently dropped. This ἐρυσμός is indeed attested, with a different meaning: it means "defence"