κρανίον
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
κράνος
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
kranos
English translation (word)
helmet
Transliteration (Etymon)
kranion
English translation (etymon)
skull
Century
2 AD
Source
idem
Ref.
Onomasticon 2.42
Ed.
E. Bethe, Pollucis onomasticon, 2 vols. [Lexicographi Graeci 9.1-9.2. Leipzig: Teubner, 9.1:1900; 9.2:1931]
Quotation
κράνος δὲ ἀπὸ κρανίου, ὥσπερ δὴ καὶ ἐπίκρανον, περίκρανον·
Translation (En)
kranos "helmet" comes from kranion "skull", as do epikranon "helmet", perikranon "leather cap"
Parallels
Synesius, Calvitii encomium 17.1 (Τὸ δὲ κράνος οὐδὲν ἄλλ’ ἢ κατὰ τοὔνομα καὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα χαλκοῦν κρανίον ἐστίν); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 3, p. 450 (Ἰστέον δὲ καὶ ὅτι ἡ κόρυς ἐκίνησε καὶ τὴν τοῦ κράνους παραγωγήν. ὡς γὰρ αὕτη ἐκ τοῦ κάρα, οὕτως ἐκεῖνο ἐκ τοῦ κρανίου)
Modern etymology
Derivative of κάρα "head", *kr̥h2s-n-io- (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
MG still has κράνος "helmet" as a learned word
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Derivational etymology relying on a metonymy: the helmet is on top of the skull. Reversible etymology (see κρανίον / κράνος)