θένω
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
παρθένος
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
parthenos
English translation (word)
maid, virgin
Transliteration (Etymon)
thenō
English translation (etymon)
to hurt, pierce
Century
11 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etym. Gudianum, p. 454
Ed.
F.W.Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818
Quotation
Παρθένος, […] ἢ παρὰ τὸ παρεῖναι αὐτῇ τὸ θένεσθαι καὶ γαμεῖσθαι.
Translation (En)
Parthenos "virgin" […] or from the fact that she is coming to the age when she must be deflowered (lit. "pierced", thenesthai) and get married.
Modern etymology
Unknown. The proposed reconstruction *pr-steno- "having protruding breasts" (Beekes, EDG) does not rest on anything serious
Persistence in Modern Greek
Παρθένος survives as 1. virgin, 2. Virgo (astrology/astronomy), 3. Virgin Mary, 4. anything intact, pure, unexplored. There also is παρθένα, designating 'virgin'.
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
This etymology is one of two competing ones appealing to the same etymon θείνω, here taken in the passive meaning and with the restricted meaning "to cut, to pierce", not "to kill". The form θένω is a variant of θείνω. Neither combine with παρα- in Greek, but that was not an obstacle for Greek etymologists. In this explanation, the etymologist combines the etymon θείνω with a verb displaying the preverb παρα- (παρεῖναι), so as to provide a source for the first syllable of παρθένος.