ἵππος + χαίρω

Validation

No

Last modification

Sat, 02/24/2024 - 14:20

Word-form

ἱππιοχάρμην

Transliteration (Word)

hippiokharmēs

English translation (word)

who fights on a chariot

Transliteration (Etymon)

hippos + khairō

English translation (etymon)

horse + to rejoice

Author

Apollonius Soph.

Century

1 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Lexicon homericum, p. 92

Ed.

I. Bekker, Apollonii Sophistae lexicon Homericum, Berlin: Reimer, 1833 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1967)

Quotation

ἱππιοχάρμην ἤτοι χαίροντα ἵπποις ἢ ἐφ’ ἵππων μαχόμενον

Translation (En)

Hippiokharmēn: either "rejoicing (khaironta) in horses (hippois)" or "fighting (makhomenon) from a chariot (hippōn)"

Comment

This etymology is the consequence of the etymology deriving χάρμη "battle" from χαίρω "to rejoice (see χάρμη / χάρμα). The compound can be interpreted in two ways: the usual interpretation is that the charioteer rejoices in horses, with ἱππιο- behaving as the object (OV compound), but a rare interpretation found in the scholia to Aeschylus' Persae is that the horses rejoice in battle, with ἱππιο- behaving as the subject (SV compound)

Parallels

D Schol. Il. 24.257 (Ἱππιοχάρμην. Ἤτοι ἀφ’ ἵππων μαχόμενον, ἢ ἵπποις χαίροντα); Geneva Schol. Il. 24.257 (idem); Hesychius, Lexicon, iota 808 (ἱππιοχάρμης· ὁ ἐφ’ ἵπποις χαίρων, ἢ μαχόμενος· χάρμη γὰρ ἡ μετὰ χαρᾶς μάχη); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 322 (Δῆλον δὲ ὡς ὁ ἀφ’ ἵππων μαρνάμενος ἱππιοχάρμης λέγεται, ὡς ἐφ’ ἵππων μαχόμενος, ἢ καὶ ὡς ἵπποις χαίρων); ibid., p. 410 (ἱππιοχάρμην, ἤγουν ὡς καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ ἐῤῥέθη, ἵπποις χαίροντα, ἢ ἐφ’ ἵππων ποιούμενον χάρμην, ὃ δηλοῖ τὴν μετὰ χαρᾶς μάχην); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 473 (Ἱππιοχάρμην: Τὸν χαίροντα τῇ ἱππικῇ. Ἡ ἱππόμαχον· χάρμην γὰρ τὴν μάχην φασίν); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, iota, p. 1115 (Ἱππιοχάρμην. τὸν χαίροντα τὴν ἱππικὴν, ἢ ἱππόμαχον. χάρμη γὰρ ἡ μάχη); Schol. Aeschylum, Pers. 29 (recentiora) (ἱππιοχάρμης] ὁ διὰ τῶν ἵππων εἰς τὴν μάχην πορευόμενος); ibid., hypothesis 106 (ἱππιοχάρμας δὲ κλόνους λέγει τοὺς πολεμικοὺς θορύβους καὶ συντριμμούς. ἐν τούτοις γὰρ οἱ ἵπποι χαίρουσιν); Schol. Od. 11.259 Dindorf (ἱππιοχάρμην] ἤτοι χαίροντα ἵπποις, ἢ ἐφ’ ἵππων μαχόμενον); Schol. Pindarum O. 1.35a (ἱππιοχάρμαν: τὸν τῇ ἱππικῇ χαίροντα)

Modern etymology

Compound of χάρμη "battle" and *ἱππία (Myc. i-qi-ja) "war chariot"

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre