χαρά
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Χήρα δὲ, ἡ γυνὴ, διὰ τοῦ Η γράφεται, ὅτι ἀπὸ τοῦ χαρὰ γέγονε κατὰ ἀντίφρασιν, ἡ μὴ χαίρουσα
Translation (En)
Khēra "widow", the woman, is spelled through ‹H›, because it comes from khara "joy" by antiphrasis, the one who does not rejoice
Parallels
Choeroboscus, Epimerismi in Psalmos p. 187 (παρὰ τὸ χαίρω, κατὰ ἀντίφρασιν, ἡ μὴ χαίρουσα· ἢ παρὰ τὸ χῶ τὸ στηρῶ (χωρῶ), ἡ μεμονωμένη τοῦ ἀνδρός.); Etym. Gudianum, khi p. 564 (ἐτυμολογεῖται καὶ παρὰ τὸ χαρὰ, καὶ ἀναδόσει τοῦ τόνου, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς η γίνεται χήρα, κατ’ ἀντίφρασιν· ἡ ἐστερημένη τῆς εὐφροσύνης καὶ τῆς χαρᾶς); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges p.811 (Χήρα: Παρὰ τὸ χῶ, τὸ χωρῶ, ὁ μέλλων, χήσω, χήρα, ἡ χωρητικὴ τῶν κακῶν τῆς λύπης. Ἐτυμολογεῖται δὲ παρὰ τὸ χαρά· καὶ ἀναδόσει τοῦ τόνου, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς η, χήρα, κατὰ ἀντίφρασιν, ἡ ἐστερημένη τῆς εὐφροσύνης καὶ τῆς χαρᾶς)
Comment
Etymology a contrario (enantiosemy) relying on a phonetic manipulation involving the familiar alternation between [α] and [η] (ἵστημι / ἵσταμεν)