ὑφοράω
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Τὸ δὴ ὑπόδρα […] δύναται δὲ καὶ παρὰ τὸ ὁρῶ εἶναι τὸ ἀκόλουθον ὅρα, καθότι εἴπομεν καὶ τῷ ἀντῶ ἄντα παρακεῖσθαι, σιγῶ σῖγα. ὃ δὴ πλεονάσαν τῷ δ ἐγένετο ὑπόδρα, καθότι καὶ ἐν τῷ μίγα τὸ μίγδα, ὃ δὴ πάλιν παρέκειτο ῥήματι τῷ μίσγω
Translation (En)
The word hupodra "looking from below" […] it is also possible that from horô "to see" comes the regular *hora, as we said that next to antô "to meet face to face" was anta "face to face", <next to> sigô "to be silent" siga "silently". And <*hora>, with addition of [d], became hupodra, as in miga "confusedly" migda, which in its turn was found next to the verb misgō "to mix"
Parallels
Herodian, Peri pathôn, Lentz III/2, p. 191 (ap. Epimerismi Homerici ordine alphabetico traditi, upsilon 5) (ὑπόδρα (Β 245): ἐπίρρημα. πόθεν γίνεται; ὁ μὲν Ἀπολλόδωρος (FGrHist 244 F 305) δύο λἐγει παραγωγάς, ὁ δὲ Ἡρωδιανὸς (2, 191, 18) μίαν, ἀπὸ περισπωμένου οὕτως· ὥσπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἠρεμῶ γίνεται ἠρέμα καὶ σιγῶ σίγα, οὕτως καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ὁρῶ ὁρᾷ καὶ μετὰ τῆς ὑπό προθέσεως γίνεται ὑπόρα καὶ πλεονασμῷ ὑπόδρα, τὸ †ὑφορᾶσθαι. ἔστι καὶ ἄλλως· ἔστι γὰρ δρῶ (σημαίνει δὲ τὸ βλέπω), ἐξ οὗ καὶ δρᾶσις καὶ δρᾶμα· ἐκ τοῦ οὖν δρῶ γίνεται δρᾷ καὶ μετὰ τῆς ὑπό προθέσεως ὑπόδρα, τὸ ὑποβλέπειν. ὁ δὲ Ἡρωδιανὸς λέγει ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ ὑποδράξ γίνεται [NB: Lentz corrects Ἀπολλώδορος into Ἀπολλώνιος, which is probably correct since it is a likely reference to the De adverbiis. Dyck keeps Ἀπολλόδωρος]); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 781 (Ὑπόδρα: Τὸν δ’ ἄρ’ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν, Ἰλιάδος αʹ, σημαίνει δεινὸν καὶ ὀργίλον ὑποβλεψάμενος. Ὥσπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἠρεμῶ γίνεται ἠρέμα, καὶ σιγῶ σίγα, οὕτως ἐκ τοῦ ὁρῶ καὶ τῆς ὑπὸ προθέσεως, ὑπόρα· καὶ πλεονασμῷ, ὑπόδρα, τὸ ὑφορᾶσθαι. Ἢ ἐκ τοῦ δέρκω, τὸ βλέπω, γίνεται συγκοπῇ δρῶ, τὸ ὁρῶ· ὑποδρώμενος, ἀντὶ τοῦ ὑφορώμενος. Δρῶ οὖν, δρά· καὶ συνθέσει, ὑπόδρα, τὸ ὑποβλέπειν)
Comment
Derivational etymology implying a segmentation ὑπ-ό(δ)ρα, the addition of [d] being a pathos. This enables Apollonius to link the adverb with the verb ὑφοράω, which is semantically satisfying. Next to this etymology, Apollonius also mentions Philoxenus' etymology (see ὑπόδρα / ὑπό + δέρκομαι)