βοάω

Validation

No

Last modification

Tue, 03/14/2023 - 21:31

Word-form

βάζειν, βάζω

Transliteration (Word)

bazō

English translation (word)

to speak

Transliteration (Etymon)

boaō

English translation (etymon)

to shout

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

fr. *58

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

Orion

Ref.

Etymologicum, beta, p. 37

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig: Weigel, 1820 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1973): 1-172

Quotation

Βάζειν· βοῶ <τὸ> πρωτότυπον· συγκοπῇ βῶ, παράγωγον βάζω, ὡς φῶ φάζω, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ <β>ράζω. τοῦ δὲ βάζω ὁ μέλλων βάξω καὶ ὄνομα βάξις  [NB: Orion's text, printed by Theodoridis for Philoxenus, is ὡς φῶ φάζω, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ φράζω; see Comment]

Translation (En)

Bazein "to speak": the primitive form is boō "to shout", * by syncopation, derivative bazō, as from *phō *phazō, and <b>razō by addition of [r]. The future of bazō is baxō and a noun derived from it baxis "saying".

Other translation(s)

Bazein « parler » : la forme primaire est boō « pousser un cri » ; * par syncope, dérivé bazō, comme à partir de *phō *phazō, et <b>razō avec ajout de [r]. Le futur de bazō est baxō et une forme nominale qui en vient baxis « parole ».

Comment

Derivational etymology deriving the verb from a verb with a similar meaning (but not identical: to shout is not to speak). It does not imply any formal change. Orion's text is probably faulty: the explanation is about βάζω and its assumed derivative βράζω, and in the wording ὡς φῶ φάζω, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ φράζω the καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ does not apply to the etymology of φράζω, for which Philoxenus had a different explanation (see φράζω / προΐημι), but to the derivation of βράζω out of βάζω. The later sources deriving from Orion don't have this explanation of φράζω as derived from *φάζω: they provide the parallel *φῶ, *φάζω as *βῶ, βάζω, and stop there. The derivation of βράζω by addition of [r] was found at the end of Orion's original notice: this state is preserved in the Genuinum, but the abbreviator of Orion made a confusion and applied the "addition of [r]" to the preceding φάζω, hence φράζω—maybe because he was more familiar with φράζω than with βράζω.

Parallels

Philoxenus, fr. *71 (βράζει· παρὰ τὸ βῶ, τὸ λέγω, γίνεται βάζω καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ βράζω.); Etym. Genuinum, beta 29 (Βάζω· σημαίνει δὲ τὸ λέγω, οἷον σ 168· εὖ μὲν βάζουσι, κακῶς δ’ ὄπισθεν φρονέουσι. γίνεται παρὰ τὸ βοῶ βῶ, καὶ ὥσπερ παρὰ τὸ φῶ φάζω, ὁ μέλλων φάσω καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ κ φάσκω, οὕτως καὶ παρὰ τὸ βῶ βάζω, ὁ μέλλων βάξω. ἐκ δὲ τοῦ βάζω γίνεται καὶ βράζω πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ.); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 184 (Βάζω: Σημαίνει τὸ λέγω· οἷον, Οἵτ’ εὖ μὲν βάζουσι, κακῶς δ’ ὄπιθεν φρονέουσι. Παρὰ τὸ βοῶ, βῶ· καὶ ὥσπερ παρὰ τὸ φῶ, φάζω, καὶ ὁ μέλλων φάσω, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ κ, φάσκω· οὕτω καὶ παρὰ τὸ βῶ, βάζω· ὁ μέλλων, βάξω. Ἐκ δὲ τοῦ βάζω γίνεται καὶ βράζω κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ ρ); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 394 (βάζω· τὸ λέγω· παρὰ τὸ βοῶ—9 βάζω. ἐκ δὲ τοῦ βάζω γίνεται βράζω πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ. δύναται εἶναι καὶ—12 βάζω)

Modern etymology

Onomatopoeic verb, unrelated to βοάω (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Eva Ferrer / C. Le Feuvre