δέος

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Wed, 12/22/2021 - 18:35

Word-form

αἰνός

Transliteration (Word)

ainos

English translation (word)

frightening

Transliteration (Etymon)

deos

English translation (etymon)

fear

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etymologicum, delta, p. 46

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Δεινός. ὁ δέους ποιητικός. δέος δεεινὸς, καὶ κατὰ μετάθεσιν τοῦ ε εἰς α δαεινὸς, καὶ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ δ γίνεται αἰνός.

Translation (En)

Deinos "terrible", fear-inspiring: deos, *deeinos and through change of the [e] into [a] daeinos, and with dropping of the [d] one obtains ainos "frightening".

Comment

Derivational etymology which may have been designed as an alternative to Heraclides' derivation directly from δεινός. This derivation starts from δέος, from which it derives an adjective *δεεινός, a ghost form but a morphologically regular one (after κλέος, κλεεινός), and this derived form is the etymon of αἰνός before the contraction in δεινός. The etymologist applies the deletion of the initial consonant and the loss of the internal [e] of *δαεινός, which may betray a ioticizing pronunciation [dainos]. The two adjectives δεινός and αἰνός are synonyms and there is a remote formal resemblance, which allowed Greek etymologists to derive the rare, poetic word αἰνός from the usual one δεινός (see αἰνός / δεινός).

Parallels

Apollonius Soph., Lexicon homericum, p. 14, explains αἰνός by δεινός but there is no explicit etymological link: αἰνὸν γὰρ τὸ δεινόν, καὶ αἰνῶς ἀντὶ τοῦ δεινῶς· “αἰνῶς γὰρ μύθοισιν ἔπεσσί τε οἷσιν ἀκούων τέρπομαι.” The D scholia do not give δεινός as the etymology of αἰνός, but αἰνέω (see αἰνός / αἰνέω), and this may also be Apollonius' understanding.

Modern etymology

Unknown (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre