ξηρός + ὕλη

Validation

No

Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

ξύλον

Transliteration (Word)

xulon

English translation (word)

firewood

Transliteration (Etymon)

xēros + hulē

English translation (etymon)

dry + matter

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etymologicum (Excerpta e cod. Vat. gr. 1456) 156

Ed.

A.M. Micciarelli Collesi, "Nuovi `excerpta' dall' `etimologico' di Orione," Byzantion 40 (1970): 521-542

Quotation

Ξύλον: διὰ τὸ ξέεσθαι καὶ λεαίνεσθαι. ἢ διὰ τὸ ξηρὰν ὕλην εἶναι

Translation (En)

Xulon "firewood": because it is scraped (xeesthai) and polished (leainesthai). Or because it is a dry (xēran) matter (hulēn).

Comment

It is unclear whether this etymology, absent from the main manuscript of Orion, is a true etymology or a semantic justification which was mistaken for an etymology by the copyist, who inserted ἤ (see a parallel in ἄνηθον / ἄνω + θέω). Assuming it is an etymology, the word is parsed as a compound of ὕλη, which goes back to the fact that ὕλη can mean "firewood" and is as such a synonym of ξύλον. The initial [ks] is assumed to be the adjective "dry", which was pronounced [ksiros] in Byzantine Greek, so that the [I] could be "shared" with ὕλη pronounced [ili]. If originally it was only an explanation, it explains the λεαίνεσθαι, the word can be polished because it is dry.

Parallels

Etym. Gudianum, xi, p. 416 (Ξύλον, παρὰ τὸν ξύσω μέλλοντα, διὰ τὸ ξύεσθαι αὐτό· η διὰ τὸ ξύνεσθαι καὶ λεμνᾶσθαι, τουτ’ ἔστι λεπίζεσθαι· ἢ διὰ τὸ ξηρὰν ὕλην ἔχειν) [same text with mistakes]

Modern etymology

Probably not related to ξύω. Cognate with Lith. šùlas "pole", Ru. šulo "pole". PIE *kseu- (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Yes

Entry By

Le Feuvre