ξηρός + ὕλη
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
ξύλον
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
xulon
English translation (word)
firewood
Transliteration (Etymon)
xēros + hulē
English translation (etymon)
dry + matter
Century
5 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etymologicum (Excerpta e cod. Vat. gr. 1456) 156
Ed.
A.M. Micciarelli Collesi, "Nuovi `excerpta' dall' `etimologico' di Orione," Byzantion 40 (1970): 521-542
Quotation
Ξύλον: διὰ τὸ ξέεσθαι καὶ λεαίνεσθαι. ἢ διὰ τὸ ξηρὰν ὕλην εἶναι
Translation (En)
Xulon "firewood": because it is scraped (xeesthai) and polished (leainesthai). Or because it is a dry (xēran) matter (hulēn).
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, xi, p. 416 (Ξύλον, παρὰ τὸν ξύσω μέλλοντα, διὰ τὸ ξύεσθαι αὐτό· η διὰ τὸ ξύνεσθαι καὶ λεμνᾶσθαι, τουτ’ ἔστι λεπίζεσθαι· ἢ διὰ τὸ ξηρὰν ὕλην ἔχειν) [same text with mistakes]
Modern etymology
Probably not related to ξύω. Cognate with Lith. šùlas "pole", Ru. šulo "pole". PIE *kseu- (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
Yes
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
It is unclear whether this etymology, absent from the main manuscript of Orion, is a true etymology or a semantic justification which was mistaken for an etymology by the copyist, who inserted ἤ (see a parallel in ἄνηθον / ἄνω + θέω). Assuming it is an etymology, the word is parsed as a compound of ὕλη, which goes back to the fact that ὕλη can mean "firewood" and is as such a synonym of ξύλον. The initial [ks] is assumed to be the adjective "dry", which was pronounced [ksiros] in Byzantine Greek, so that the [I] could be "shared" with ὕλη pronounced [ili]. If originally it was only an explanation, it explains the λεαίνεσθαι, the word can be polished because it is dry.