συν- + κίω

Validation

No

Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

σκιά

Transliteration (Word)

skia

English translation (word)

shadow

Transliteration (Etymon)

sun- + kiō

English translation (etymon)

with + to go

Author

Heraclides Ponticus the Younger

Century

2 AD

Source

Orion

Ref.

Etymologicum, sigma, p. 147

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig: Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Σκιά. παρὰ τὸ συγκινεῖν καὶ συμπορεύεσθαι τινί. οὕτως Ἡρακλείδης

Translation (En)

Skia "shadow": from the fact it moves with someone (sygkineîn) and walks wit him. This is what Heraclides says

Comment

Elliptic etymology: the real etymon is κίω "to go", not κινέω, as appears from other sources, but since κίω is a rare word, it is replaced here by a semantic equivalent κινέω. Anyway, Greek etymologists used to derivative's κινέω from κίω (Herodian), so that it could seem to be one and the same etymology. This is a descriptive etymology relying to the characteristic feature of the shadow that it is "attached" to an object or person. The [s] is accounted for either as an added letter (Theognostus, see σκιά / κίω) or, as here, as a syncopated form of the comitative prefix συν-. Notice that the etymology, starting from a verb of motion, defines σκιά as the shadow of animate beings since it "moves with": we must assume that it was thought to apply to the shadow of inanimate objects by extension.

Parallels

Choeroboscus, Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 175 (Σκιά. παρὰ τὸ σχέθω, τὸ κωλύω, σχιὰ καὶ σκιὰ, ἢ ἐκ τῆς σὺν προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ κίω τὸ πορεύομαι, ἡ συμπορευομένη καὶ μὴ ἐῶσα ἡμᾶς); ibid., p. 135 (Σκιά, παρὰ τὴν σὺν πρόθεσιν καὶ τὸ κίω τὸ πορεύομαι, ἡ συμπορευομένη τῷ σώματι); Etym. Gudianum, sigma, p. 503 (Σκιὰ, παρὰ τὸ κίω τὸ πορεύομαι, κιὰ, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ σ σκιά· ἐκ τῆς σὺν προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ κίω τὸ πορεύομαι, ἡ συμπορευομένη καὶ μὴ ἐῶσα ἡμᾶς)

Modern etymology

Isolated within Greek. Old IE word for "shadow" *skh2-ieh2, cognate with OCS sěnь (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Yes

Entry By

Le Feuvre