συν- + κίω
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
σκιά
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
skia
English translation (word)
shadow
Transliteration (Etymon)
sun- + kiō
English translation (etymon)
with + to go
Century
2 AD
Source
Orion
Ref.
Etymologicum, sigma, p. 147
Ed.
F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig: Weigel, 1820
Quotation
Σκιά. παρὰ τὸ συγκινεῖν καὶ συμπορεύεσθαι τινί. οὕτως Ἡρακλείδης
Translation (En)
Skia "shadow": from the fact it moves with someone (sygkineîn) and walks wit him. This is what Heraclides says
Parallels
Choeroboscus, Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 175 (Σκιά. παρὰ τὸ σχέθω, τὸ κωλύω, σχιὰ καὶ σκιὰ, ἢ ἐκ τῆς σὺν προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ κίω τὸ πορεύομαι, ἡ συμπορευομένη καὶ μὴ ἐῶσα ἡμᾶς); ibid., p. 135 (Σκιά, παρὰ τὴν σὺν πρόθεσιν καὶ τὸ κίω τὸ πορεύομαι, ἡ συμπορευομένη τῷ σώματι); Etym. Gudianum, sigma, p. 503 (Σκιὰ, παρὰ τὸ κίω τὸ πορεύομαι, κιὰ, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ σ σκιά· ἐκ τῆς σὺν προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ κίω τὸ πορεύομαι, ἡ συμπορευομένη καὶ μὴ ἐῶσα ἡμᾶς)
Modern etymology
Isolated within Greek. Old IE word for "shadow" *skh2-ieh2, cognate with OCS sěnь (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
Yes
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Elliptic etymology: the real etymon is κίω "to go", not κινέω, as appears from other sources, but since κίω is a rare word, it is replaced here by a semantic equivalent κινέω. Anyway, Greek etymologists used to derivative's κινέω from κίω (Herodian), so that it could seem to be one and the same etymology. This is a descriptive etymology relying to the characteristic feature of the shadow that it is "attached" to an object or person. The [s] is accounted for either as an added letter (Theognostus, see σκιά / κίω) or, as here, as a syncopated form of the comitative prefix συν-. Notice that the etymology, starting from a verb of motion, defines σκιά as the shadow of animate beings since it "moves with": we must assume that it was thought to apply to the shadow of inanimate objects by extension.