ἐντός

Validation

Yes

Word-form

ἔντεα

Transliteration (Word)

entea

English translation (word)

armour

Transliteration (Etymon)

entos

English translation (etymon)

inside

Author

Aristonicos

Century

I AD

Reference

De signis Iliadis 10.23

Edition

L. Friedländer, Aristonici Περὶ σημείων Ἰλιάδος reliquiae emendatiores, Göttingen, 1853

Source

Scholia vetera in Homeri Iliadem

Ref.

Schol. A Il. 10.23

Ed.

H. Erbse, Scholia græca in Homeri Iliadem (scholia vetera), Berlin, 1971-1982

Quotation

ἔντεα δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐντὸς ἔχειν τὸν ἄνδρα

Translation (En)

Entea (“armour”) gets its name from the fact that it contains the man within (entos) itself

Comment

Paronymic etymology, which relies partly on the Homeric phrases ἔντε᾽ ἔδυνεν (lit.) “he dived into his armour” (Il. 3.339), ἔντε᾽ ἐνδύσετο παμφανόωντα "he dived into his glittering armour” (Il. 15.120). Accordingly, scholiasts counted as ἔντεα mainly defensive weapons (helmet, breastplate, shield) and not offensive ones (spear, sword)

Parallels

Apollonius Soph., Lexicon homericum p. 69 (ἔντεα τὰ ὅπλα, κυρίως τὰ ἐντὸς περιέχοντα τὸν ἄνδρα, οἷον ἀσπὶς καὶ θώραξ καὶ κνημῖδες. λέγει δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς αὐτῆς ἐννοίας καὶ τὰ ἀγγεῖα ἔντεα, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐντὸς αὑτῶν τινὰ περιέχειν, οἷον “ἀμφίπολοι δ’ ἀπεκόσμεον ἔντεα δαιτός”); Athenaeus, Deipn. 5, 20, 45 (καὶ γὰρ τῶν ὅπλων τὰ σκεπαστικά,
 θώρακα καὶ κνημῖδας καὶ τὰ τούτοις ἐμφερῆ λέγουσιν 
ἔντη, καθάπερ ἀγγεῖα τῶν τοῦ σώματος μερῶν ὄντα); D Schol. Il. 3.339 (Ἔντεα. Ὅπλα. Εἴρηται δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐντὸς περιέχειν καὶ σκέπτειν τὸ σῶμα. Λέγεται δὲ καὶ τὰ πρὸς τὴν εὐωχίαν σκεύη); Orion, Etymologicum, epsilon, p. 52 (Ἔντεα, τὰ ὅπλα. παρὰ τὸ ἐντὸς περιλαμβάνειν τὸ σῶμα. οἷον σκεπαστήριά τινα ὄντα); Epimerismi homerici ordine alphabetico traditi, epsilon 118 (ἔντεα (Γ 339): ὅπλα· ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐντὸς περιέχειν καὶ σκεπάζειν τὸ σῶμα· ἢ τὰ πρὸς τὴν εὐωχίαν σκεύη· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐντὸς περιλαμβάνειν τὸ σῶμα); Etym. Gudianum, epsilon, p. 480 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges p. 345 (Ἔντεα: Τὰ ὅπλα· παρὰ τὸ ἐντὸς περιλαμβάνειν τὸ σῶμα, καὶ ἐντὸς εἶναι τὸν φοροῦντα· οἱονεὶ σκεπαστήριά τινα ὄντα, διὰ τὸ περιλαμβάνειν τὰ σώματα); Etym. Symeonis, epsilon 452 (Ἔντεα· ὅπλα· παρὰ τὸ ἐντὸς εἶναι τὸν φοροῦντα· οἱονεὶ σκεπαστήριά τινα ὄντα, διὰ τὸ περιλαμβάνειν τὸ σῶμα); A Schol. Il. 10.75 (παρὰ τὸ ἐντὸς αὐτῶν εἶναι τὸν φοροῦντα); Geneva Scholia Il. 3.339 (εἴρηνται παρὰ τὸ ἐντὸς περιέχειν); Geneva Scholia Il. 10.75 ([ἔντεα] ὅπλα, παρὰ τὸ ἐντὸς αὐτῶν εἶναι τὸν φοροῦντα); Scholia in Oppianum, Hal. 2,327 (Ἔντεσι· ὅπλοις· ἔντεα τὰ ἅρματα ἀπὸ τοῦ ἔχειν καὶ φυλάσσειν ἐντὸς τὸν ὁπλιζόμενον, ὡς ὁ θώραξ καὶ τὰ ὅμοια ἕτερα· τὸ γὰρ ἔγχος καὶ ἡ σπάθη οὐκ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς ἔχουσι τὸν στρατιώτην); Scholia in Pindarum, O. 7.19 (ἔντεσιν αὐλῶν: περιφραστικῶς τοῖς αὐλοῖς, οὓς ἔντεα εἶπε παρὰ τὸ ἐντὸς ἔχειν τὴν φωνήν)

Modern etymology

Unclear. It is not even certain that ἔντεα is etymologically a s-stem, and the singular ἔντος in Archilochus may be secondary. The original meaning is "equipment", and "weapon" is a specialised meaning

Persistence in Modern Greek

Νο

Entry By

Le Feuvre