δέος + λάω1

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

δοῦλος

Transliteration (Word)

doulos

English translation (word)

slave

Transliteration (Etymon)

deos + laō

English translation (etymon)

fear + to look upon

Author

Scholia in Aristophanem

Source

Idem

Ref.

Commentarium in Plutum 3a

Ed.

L. Massa Positano, Jo. Tzetzae commentarii in Aristophanem [Scholia in Aristophanem 4.1]. Groningen: Bouma, 1960

Quotation

<δοῦλος> ἀπὸ τοῦ μετὰ δέους λάειν ἤγουν βλέπειν· δεσπότης ὁ τοῦ δέους ποιητής

Translation (En)

Doulos "slave" comes from "to look upon" (laein) with fear (meta deous). And despotēs "master" is the one who creates fear (deous poiētēs).

Comment

Compositional etymology designed as a counterpart to the etymology of δεσπότης as δέος (ἐμ)ποιῶν. The master is active and the slave passive, but no word for "to suffer" had the appropriate shape, therefore the word given as etymon is "to look" in so far as a look expresses a state of mind. This etymology is only found in the recent scholia by Tzetzes (another recension has ὅθε καὶ δοῦλος ὁ μετὰ δέους λεύσσων—κἂν νῦν ἀναιδῶς βλέπωσι—, καὶ δεσπότης ὁ δέους ποιητικός).

Parallels

There is no parallel.

Modern etymology

Myc. do-e-ro shows that the word probably is an older *doselo-, but the etymology is unknown (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Yes

Entry By

Le Feuvre