φεύγω

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

φείδομαι

Transliteration (Word)

pheidomai

English translation (word)

to spare

Transliteration (Etymon)

pheugō

English translation (etymon)

to flee

Author

Etym. Magnum

Century

12 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 791

Ed.

T. Gaisford, Etymologicum magnum, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1848

Quotation

Φείδομαι: Παρὰ τὸ φεύγειν τὸ δοῦναι· ἢ παρὰ τὸ φεύγομαι, φεύδομαι· καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ υ εἰς ι, φείδομαι.

Translation (En)

Pheidomai "to spare": from "to flee" (pheugein) "the giving" (dounai); or from pheugomai "to be fled", *pheudomai. And by change of the [u] into [I], pheidomai.

Comment

Derivational etymology starting from a middle or passive form. It is not clear whether this is a mistake on the ghost form *φεύδομαι given as an intermediate step in Herodian's etymology (see φείδομαι / φεύγω + δίδωμι) or an alternative etymology implying a passive "to be fled", the parcimonious man being avoided by everyone: in the latter case, the passive voice was abstracted from the middle future φεύξομαι, since φεύγω is never passive in Greek and only the future could suggest something like a passive inflection. In the Pseudo-Zonaras, the text is corrupt.

Parallels

Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, phi, p. 1803 (Φείδομαι. παρὰ τὸ φεύγειν τὸ δοῦναι. ἢ παρὰ τὸ φεύδω, καὶ μόνον φεύδομαι καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ υ εἰς ι φείδομαι)

Modern etymology

Isolated within Greek. Probably from PIE *bheid- "to split", of Lat. findō, Ved. bhinádmi (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Yes, as a learned word

Entry By

Le Feuvre