φεύγω
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
φείδομαι
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
pheidomai
English translation (word)
to spare
Transliteration (Etymon)
pheugō
English translation (etymon)
to flee
Century
12 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 791
Ed.
T. Gaisford, Etymologicum magnum, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1848
Quotation
Φείδομαι: Παρὰ τὸ φεύγειν τὸ δοῦναι· ἢ παρὰ τὸ φεύγομαι, φεύδομαι· καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ υ εἰς ι, φείδομαι.
Translation (En)
Pheidomai "to spare": from "to flee" (pheugein) "the giving" (dounai); or from pheugomai "to be fled", *pheudomai. And by change of the [u] into [I], pheidomai.
Parallels
Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, phi, p. 1803 (Φείδομαι. παρὰ τὸ φεύγειν τὸ δοῦναι. ἢ παρὰ τὸ φεύδω, καὶ μόνον φεύδομαι καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ υ εἰς ι φείδομαι)
Modern etymology
Isolated within Greek. Probably from PIE *bheid- "to split", of Lat. findō, Ved. bhinádmi (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
Yes, as a learned word
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Derivational etymology starting from a middle or passive form. It is not clear whether this is a mistake on the ghost form *φεύδομαι given as an intermediate step in Herodian's etymology (see φείδομαι / φεύγω + δίδωμι) or an alternative etymology implying a passive "to be fled", the parcimonious man being avoided by everyone: in the latter case, the passive voice was abstracted from the middle future φεύξομαι, since φεύγω is never passive in Greek and only the future could suggest something like a passive inflection. In the Pseudo-Zonaras, the text is corrupt.