φαγεῖν

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Tue, 06/01/2021 - 15:39

Word-form

φάτνη

Transliteration (Word)

phatnē

English translation (word)

manger, crib

Transliteration (Etymon)

phagein

English translation (etymon)

to eat

Author

Herodian

Century

2 AD

Source

Orion

Ref.

Etymologicum, phi, p. 162

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Φάτνη. παρὰ τὸ φάγω φάγνη, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ γ εἰς τ, φάτνη. οὕτως Ἡρωδιανὸς ἐν τῷ Συμποσίῳ. δύναται δὲ καὶ παρὰ τὸ πατῶ τὸ ἐσθίω. ὅτι δὲ πατῶ ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐσθίω κεῖται, τίθησι τοῦτο καὶ Καλλίμαχος λέγων· ὁ δὴ μήκωνα πατεῖται. πάτνη οὖν, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ π εἰς φ, φάτνη

Translation (En)

Phatnē "manger": from phagō "I eat", *phagnē and through change of the [g] into [t], phatnē. This is what Herodian says in the Banquet. But it can also come from pateō "to eat": that pateō can stand for esthiō "to eat" appears from Callimachus, who says "and he eats (pateîtai) the poppy". Therefore *patnē and through change of [p] into [t], phatnē

Comment

Derivational functional etymology relying on a formal manipulation. The base is the aorist ἔφαγον. The manger is designed for the feeding of cattle, therefore it is a functional etymology, the etymon refers to the function assigned to the lemma

Parallels

Orion, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. Darmstadino 2773), phi, p. 617 (φάτνη παρὰ τὸ φαγεῖν φάγνη· καὶ τροπῆ τοῦ γ εἰς τ, φάτνη); Meletius, De natura hominis, p. 83 (παρὰ τὸ φαγεῖν γὰρ φάγνη, καὶ φάτνη· ἢ παρὰ τὸ πατῶ τὸ ἐσθίω· ὅθεν καὶ τὸ πάσασθαι ἀντὶ τοῦ γεύσασθαι καὶ φαγεῖν· ἢ ὡς Καλλίμαχος· ‘μήκωνα πατεῖτε’); Leo Medicus, De natura hominum synopsis 52 (φατνία γὰρ παρὰ τὸ φαγεῖν, φάγνη καὶ φάτνη); Etym. Genuinum, alpha 256 (Αἴτνα· ὄρος Σικελίας· παρὰ τὸ αἴθω, τὸ καίω, Αἴτνη, ὡς φάγω φάτνη, πήσσω πάχνη) = Herodian, Peri rhēmatikōn onomatōn, Lentz III/2, p. 902; Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 59 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 40 (idem); Etym. Gudianum, phi, p. 550 (Φάτνη, παρὰ τὸ φαγεῖν, φάγνη τὶς οὖσα καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ γ εἰς τ φάτνη· ἢ παρὰ τὸ πατῶ τὸ ἐσθίω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ τὸ παύσασθαι παράκειται ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐσθίειν, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ π εἰς φ φάτνη) ; Eustathius, Comm. Il. 2, 72 Van der Valk (Τῆς δὲ φάτνης πρωτόθετον τὸ φαγεῖν ἢ τὸ πάσασθαι κατὰ τοὺς παλαιούς, ὅ ἐστι γεύσασθαι); ibid., 2, 375 ([Ἡ δὲ φάτνη παρὰ τὸ φαγεῖν γίνεται, ὥσπερ αὖ ἡ κάπη ἐκ τοῦ κάπτειν, ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἐσθίειν, οἷον «ἱππείῃσι κάπῃσι». Χρῆσις δὲ τοῦ κάπτειν καὶ παρὰ τῷ Κωμικῷ. «ἐνέκαψε» γάρ φησιν ἐκεῖνος]); ibid., 2, 611 (Ὥσπερ δὲ φάτνη ἀπὸ τοῦ φαγεῖν, οὕτω καὶ κάπη παρὰ τὸ κάπτειν, ὅ ἐστιν ἐσθίειν, οὗ ἡ χρῆσις καὶ παρὰ τῷ Κωμικῷ); Eustathius, Comm. Od. 2, 103 Stallbaum (ἔτι δὲ ἐκ τοῦ φαγεῖν καὶ ἡ φάτνη, τροπῇ τοῦ γ εἰς τ, ἣν ἀντιστοιχία ἰδιωτικὴ πάθνην καλεῖ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 789 (Φάτνη: Παρὰ τὸ φαγεῖν φάγνη καὶ φάτνη. Δύναται δὲ καὶ παρὰ τὸ πατῶ, τὸ ἐσθίω, ὡς τὸ πάσασθαι, πάτνη καὶ φάτνη); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, phi, p. 1796 (Φάτνη. παρὰ τὸ φαγεῖν φάγη καὶ φάτνη τροπῇ τοῦ γ εἰς τ. ἢ παρὰ τὸ πατῶ, τὸ ἐσθίω, πάτνη καὶ φάτνη)

Modern etymology

Unknown (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

As a learned word or as the name of the manger in which Jesus was placed as a newborn

Entry By

Le Feuvre