εἰμί + εἴρω
Word
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Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
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Ed.
Quotation
ὄναρ ὄνειρος· [...] ἀπὸ τοῦ ὀνίσκειν, ὅ ἐστιν ὠφελεῖν. ἀρσενικῶς δὲ ὄνειρος ἢ παρὰ τοῦτο ἢ παρὰ τὸ τὸ ὂν εἴρειν, τουτέστι τὸ ὑπάρχον λέγειν.
Translation (En)
Onar oneiros "dream": [...] from oniskein, which is "to profit". And the masculine oneiros comes either from this word, or from on eirein, that is to say to uparkhon legein "to say what is being".
Parallels
Orion, Etymologicum, omicron, p. 113 (Ὄνειρος. ἤτοι παρὰ τὴν ὄνησιν, ἢ οἷον παρὰ τὸ ὀνῶ ὄνειρος, ὡς παρὰ τὸ πέπω πέπειρος, ἢ παρὰ τὸ εἴρειν καὶ λέγειν, ἢ κατὰ μετάθεσιν τοῦ ο. νοηρός τις ὤν.); Photius, Bibliotheca, 279, 535b (Ὅτι τὸν ὄνειρον ἐτυμολογοῦσί, φησι, διότι τὸ ὂν εἴρει, τουτέστι λέγει); Etym. Gudianum, omicron, p. 429 (Ὄνειρος καὶ ὄναρ, παρὰ τὸ ὀνῶ τὸ ὠφελῶ καὶ τὸ εἴρω τὸ λέγω· πολλοὺς μὲν ὠφελοῦσι, πολλοὺς δὲ βλάπτουσι· τὸ νει διφθόγγῳ· τὰ διὰ τοῦ ειρος ῥηματικὰ δίφθογγον ἔχει.); Eustathius, Comm. Il. 1, 78 Van der Valk (οἱ δὲ τοιοῦτοι κυρίως εἶχον τὴν τοῦ ὀνείρου κλῆσιν, ὡς τὸ ὂν ἤτοι τὸ ἀληθὲς εἴροντες καὶ λέγοντες.); ibid. , 1, 259 (ὄνειρος δὲ λέγεται παρὰ τὸ τὸ ὂν εἴρειν, ὅ ἐστιν ἀγγέλλειν τὸ ἀληθές); ibid., 1, 260 (idem); ibid., 1, 575 (idem); Eustathius, Comm. Od. 2, 219 Stallbaum (Ἐν τούτοις δὲ σημείωσαι καὶ ὅτι τοῦ ἀληθοῦς ὀνείρου ἐτυμολογουμένου ἀπό τε τοῦ, αὐτὸ τὸ ὂν εἴρειν, ἔτι δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὀνέω τὸ ὠφελῶ, ἐξ οὗ καὶ τὸ ὄνειαρ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ἰῶτα, ὠνόμασέ τις ὄνειαρ καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ ὄνειρον, οἷον, ὄνειαρ κεράτων οὐδ’ ἐλέφαντος ὄν.); Schol. Oppianum, Hal. 1.36 (ὄνειρος· ὁ τὸ ὂν εἴρων ἢ ὁ ἐκ τῆς ἔρας ἀνυόμενος, ὡς καὶ Εὐριπίδης (Hec. 70)); ibid., 1.236 (ὄνειρος ἀπὸ τοῦ ὂν εἴρειν καὶ ἀγγέλλειν).
Comment
Compositional etymology resulting from the juxtaposition of two existing forms. The result is an Object-Verb compound of a regular type. No formal manipulation is required. From the semantic point of view, the etymology relies on the conception of dream as sent by the gods, therefore veridical and "saying what exists" (functional etymology)