κέκασμαι
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Reference
Edition
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
κόσμος· τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς ο. παρὰ τὸ κάζω ῥῆμα, ὅθεν κέκασμαι κέκασται κεκασμένος, ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν κασμός, καὶ μεταθέσει τοῦ α εἰς ο καὶ ἐναλλαγὴ τοῦ τόνου κόσμος. ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ παντὸς εἴρηται· ὁ ἐν αὑτῷ πάντα ἔχων κεκοσμημένα. οὕτω Φιλόξενος ἐν τῷ Περὶ Ἰάδος διαλέκτου.
Translation (En)
Kosmos "order": through change of the [a] into [o]. From the verb *kazō, from which comes kekasmai "I excel", kekasmenos "renowned", the deverbal noun is *kasmós, and through change of [a] into [o and change of the accent, kosmos "order". It is said from the universe, because it has in itself everything ordered. This is what Philoxenus says in the On the Ionic dialect.
Parallels
Orion, Etymologicum, kappa, p. 83 (Κόσμος, ὁ πάντα ἐν αὐτῷ κεκοσμημένα ἔχων καὶ διατεταγμένα); Meletius, De natura hominis, p. 151 (κόσμος δὲ, ὁ πάντα ἐν ἑαυτῷ διατεταγμένα ἔχων “καὶ κεκοσμημένα); Etym. Parvum, kappa 8 (Κόσμος· παρὰ τὸ ‘κάζω, τὸ’ κοσμῶ· ὁ μέλλων κάσω· ἐξ αὐτοῦ κάσος καὶ κάσμος πλεονασμῷ τοῦ Μ, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ Α εἰς Ο κόσμος); Epimerismi homerici Il. 1.16b (κοσμήτορε: ἐκ τοῦ κοσμήτωρ· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ κοσμῶ· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ κόσμος· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ κάζω, τὸ κοσμῶ); Epimerismi homerici Il. 1.36b1a (ἠΰκομος: διάλυσις τῆς ευ καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ ε εἰς η. | τὸ δὲ κόμη εἴρηται ἀπὸ τοῦ κόσμος, | τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ κοσμῶ. ἢ παρὰ τὸ κάζω, κόσμη καὶ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ σ κόμη· κόσμος γὰρ καὶ εὐπρέπεια τοῦ σώματος ἡ κεφαλή); Etym. Gudianum, kappa, p. 340 (Κόσμος, παρὰ τὸ κοσμῶ, ὁ πάντα ἐν αὐτῷ ἔχων κεκοσμημένα καὶ διατεταγμένα· ἢ παρὰ τὸ κάζω κάσω κέκασμαι, κασμὸς ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα καὶ μεταθέσει τοῦ α εἰς ο καὶ ἐναλλαγῇ τοῦ τόνου, κόσμος, οὕτω Φιλόξενος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 45 (Ἄκαστος: Υἱὸς Πελίου, πατὴρ δὲ Ἀλκήστιδος. […] Παρὰ τὸ κάζω τὸ κοσμῶ, ἔνθεν κέκαστο […] καὶ κεκασμένος, καὶ κάσμος, καὶ κόσμος, συνθέσει Ἄκαστος ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄλφα ἐπιτατικοῦ, καὶ τοῦ κάζω, ὁ πάνυ κεκοσμημένος. Οὕτω Μεθόδιος); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 204 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 532 (Κόσμος: Παρὰ τὸ κεῖσθαι ἅμα, ἢ παρὰ τὸ κοσμῶ, ὁ [τὰ] πάντα ἐν ἑαυτῷ ἔχων κεκοσμημένα καὶ διατεταγμένα. Ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ κάζω κέκασμαι, ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα κασμός· καὶ κατὰ μετάθεσιν τοῦ α εἰς ο, καὶ ἐναλλαγῇ τοῦ τόνου, κόσμος); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, kappa, p. 1234 (Κόσμος. καλλωπισμὸς ἢ σύστημα ἐξ οὐρανοῦ καὶ γῆς καὶ τῶν ἐν μέσῳ. κόσμος παρὰ τὸ ἔχειν ἐν ἑαυτῷ πάντα κεκοσμημένα καὶ διατεταγμένα. ἢ παρὰ τὸ κάζω, κάσω, κέκασμαι, κασμὸς, ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα, καὶ μεταθέσει τοῦ α εἰς ο καὶ ἐναλλαγῇ τοῦ τόνου κόσμος. οὕτως Φίλων.)
Comment
The etymology was suggested by the phonetic similarity between the perfect κεκασμένος "renowned" and κεκοσμημένος "orderly arranged, ornate". From there the ghost form κάζω, assumed to be the present stem matching κεκασμένος, is assumed as the base of the verbal noun *κασμός, etymon of κόσμος. From the formal point of view, the two forms are not too far apart (on Greek criteria), but from the semantic point of view they do not match, since "renowned" is far from "orderly arranged".