ἄγος
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
ἅζετο […] ἐτυμολογοῦσι δὲ οἱ μὲν λέγοντες αἰδούμενοι, ἐπεὶ ὁ σεβόμενος ἀρεστὸν ἔργον ἐπιδείκνυται τοῖς οὓς σέβεται, οἱ δὲ κατὰ συγκοπὴν ἁζόμενοι ἀντὶ τοῦ ἁγιζόμενοι, ἅγιον ἡγούμενοι, ὅ ἐστι σεβαστόν
Translation (En)
hazeto "he feared" […] some etymologize it saying "ashamed of", since he who worships shows to the one he worships a plain work. Others say hazomenoi stands for hagizomenoi, "considering hagios ‘sacred‘", through syncope, that is, worthy of worship
Parallels
Herodian, Peri pathôn, Lentz III/2, p. 256, ap. Etym. Genuinum, alpha 118 (ὁ δὲ Ἡρωδιανὸς λέγει, ὅτι παράγωγόν ἐστιν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἅγος· ὡς σκέλος σκελίζω, τεῖχος τειχίζω, οὕτως καὶ ἅγος ἁγίζω καὶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν ἅζω); Hesychius, Lexicon, alpha 1459 (ἅζετο· […] δασέως δὲ ἁγιάζεται, καὶ ἅγιον ἡγεῖτο, καὶ ἐσέβετο) Choeroboscus, Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 83-84 (Τὸ ἄζω πόσα σημαίνει; Δύο, τὸ σέβομαι, ὅπερ καὶ δασύνεται, ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ χάζω τὸ ὑποχωρῶ γέγονε· ὃν γὰρ σεβόμεθα, τοῦτον καὶ ὑποχωροῦμεν. Ἀναχωρήσαντος οὖν τοῦ Χ, ἔμεινεν ἡ ἀναλογοῦσα τῷ Χ δασεῖ. Σημαίνει δὲ καὶ τὸ ξηραίνω, ὅπερ καὶ ψιλοῦται· ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ ζῶ γέγονε, καὶ μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ Α ἄζω, οἱονεὶ οὔζω, τὰ γὰρ ξηρὰ οὐ ζῆ, ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἅγος ἅγιος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 22 (Ἅζω: Σημαίνει δύο· τὸ σέβομαι· ὅπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ χάζω τὸ ὑποχωρῶ γίνεται· ὃν γὰρ σεβόμεθα, τοῦτον καὶ ὑποχωροῦμεν. Δασύνεται· ἀναχωρήσαντος οὖν τοῦ χ, ἔμεινεν ἀναλογοῦσα τῷ χ ἡ δασεῖα. Καὶ τὸ ξηραίνω, ὅπερ ψιλοῦται· ἀπὸ τοῦ ζῶ, κατὰ στέρησιν ἄζω· τὰ γὰρ ξηρὰ οὐ ζῇ, τὸ δὲ ζῶν καὶ ὑγρόν ἐστιν. Οὕτως Ὠρίων. Ὁ δὲ Ἡρωδιανὸς ἐν τῷ περὶ Παθῶν λέγει, ὅτι παράγωγόν ἐστιν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγος ἀγίζω καὶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν ἄζω, ὡς σκέλος σκελίζω, τεῖχος τειχίζω)
Comment
The etymology is ascribed by the Genuinum (and other sources also) to Herodian, and wrongly associated with ἄζω "to dry up" instead of ἅζω, ἅζομαι "to stand in awe of" (in fact, in the Genuinum it is provided under the lemma ἀζαλέος, which belongs with ἄζω "to dry up", not with ἅζομαι). But Herodian clearly meant it for ἅζομαι, and repeats here an older etymology. The etymology relates the verb with ἅγιος, which is correct by modern standards, and starts from the neuter ἄγος: the latter is transmitted with a smooth breathing probably because it is originally the Ionic form, whereas ἅγιος, ἁγνός ἅζομαι have the expected rough breathing. Herodian restores the aspiration in the etymon he provides, ἅγος (the neuter is not given in Apollonius). The formal explanation through a derivative in -ίζω and a subsequent syncope is not correct by modern standards