θύω2

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Last modification

Fri, 06/25/2021 - 10:35

Word-form

θύρα

Transliteration (Word)

thura

English translation (word)

door

Transliteration (Etymon)

thuō

English translation (etymon)

to rage, to storm

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etymologicum, theta, p. 74

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Θύρα. θύω τὸ ὁρμῶ, δι’ ἧς ὁρμῶμεν

Translation (En)

Thura "door": from thuō "to move impetuously", the one through which we rush out.

Comment

Purely paronymic etymology, in which the word is etymologized after a verb which has no semantic connection with it but only a formal resemblance. In the gloss, what refers to the lemma θύρα is the prepositional phrase δι᾽ ἧς, not θύω

Parallels

Orion, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. Darmstadino 2773), theta, p. 614 (θύρα, παρὰ τὸ θύω τὸ ὁρμῶ); Choeroboscus, Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 81 (Θυμός. παρὰ τὸ θύω τὸ ὁρμῶ, ὁ μέλλων θύσω, ὁ παρακείμενος τέθυκα, ὁ παθητικὸς τέθυμαι, καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ θυμός· τὰ γὰρ ἀπὸ τοῦ παθητικοῦ παρακειμένου καὶ τοῦ ὁρμῶ, ἐξ οὗ καὶ θυμὸς καὶ θύρα, δι’ ἧς ὁρμῶμεν); Epimerismi homerici ordine alphabetico traditi, pi 24 (παρὰ τὸ θύρα γὰρ θύρετρον· ἐκ τοῦ θύω ἐστί, δι’ ἧς ὁρμῶμεν); Etym. Gudianum, pi, p. 286 (idem); Etym. Gudianum, theta, p. 267 (Θύρα, παρὰ τὸ θύω τὸ ὁρμῶ, δι’ ἧς ὁρμῶμεν ἅπαντες); ibid., p. 267 (Θύω, τὸ ὁρμῶ, ἐξ οὗ καὶ θύρα, δι’ ἧς ὁρμῶμεν, ἀφ’ οὗ καὶ θυγάτηρ, παρὰ τὸ τάχιον κινεῖσθαι ἐν τῇ γαστρί); ibid., psi, p. 574 (τὸ δὲ θύρα, παρὰ τὸ θύω, τὸ ὁρμῶ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 457 (Θύω, τὸ ὁρμῶ· ἐξ οὗ καὶ θύρα, δι’ ἧς ὁρμῶμεν); ibid., p. 458 (Θύρα: Παρὰ τὸ θύω, τὸ ὁρμῶ. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ θέω καὶ τὸ ἀὴρ, θέαρα καὶ θύρα)

Modern etymology

Old inherited name of the door, from PIE *dhur-, cognate with Lat. forum, foras "out", Engl. door (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has θύρα 1. as a learned word designating 'door'; the usual word is πόρτα, borrowed from Italian, 2. with the meaning of 'gate' for a stadium. There also is the phrase "κεκλεισμένων των θυρών", "with the doors closed

Entry By

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