λοχάω
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Λόχμη. ἀπὸ τοῦ λοχᾶν ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις τόποις. ὁ δὲ Φιλόξενος παρὰ τὸ λάζω ῥῆμα. εὐληπτοτέρων ὄντων τῶν δασέων. λάζω οὖν λάξω μέλλων. ὄνομα λαχμὸς, ὡς παρὰ τὸ κράζω κράξω κραγμός· τὸ δὲ γ εἰς χ μεταπεσόντος, λαχμός. τούτου τὸ θηλυκὸν, λόχμη.
Translation (En)
Lokhmē "thicket": from the fact that one lays ambushes (lokhân) in such places. But Philoxenus derives it from the verb lazō "to seize", thick things being easier to grasp. Lazō, future laxō, noun lakhmos, as from krazō "to croak", kraxō and kragmos "croaking"; and the [g] having changed to [kh], *lakhmos; the feminine of the latter, lokhmē
Parallels
Herodian, Peri pathôn, Lentz III/2, p. 289 (idem, taken from Orion); Hesychius, Lexicon, lambda 1315 (λόχμη· ἐνέδρα, ἐπιβουλή. ἢ σύμφυτος τόπος τ 439 r. ASvgn. ἢ κρύφιμος, δασεῖαν ὕλην ἔχων, ὥστε ἐνλοχίσαι); Etym. Gudianum, lambda, p. 373 (Λόχμη, θάμνος, ὕλη, σύνδενδρος τόπος, παρὰ τὸ λοχᾷν ἐν αὐτῷ, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν ἐνεδρεύειν· ἔστι οὖν λοχῶ, λόχη, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ λόχμη); Lexicon αἱμωδεῖν, kappa 3 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 570 (Λόχμη: Θάμνος, ὕλη, σύνδενδρος τόπος· παρὰ τὸ λοχᾶν ἐν αὐτῷ, τουτέστιν ἐνεδρεύειν ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις τόποις. Λοχῶ οὖν, λόχη· καὶ πλεονασμῷ, λόχμη. Ὁ δὲ Φιλόξενος, παρὰ τὸ λάζω ῥῆμα, εὐληπτοτέρων ὄντων τῶν δασέων. Ὁ μέλλων, λάξω, ὄνομα, λαγμός· ὡς παρὰ τὸ κράζω κράξω κραγμός· τοῦ δὲ γ εἰς τὸ χ μεταπεσόντος, λαχμός· τούτου τὸ θηλυκὸν, λόχμη); Scholia in Oppianum, Hal. 1.20 (λόχμαι παρὰ τὸ λοχᾷν ἐν αὐτῷ τουτέστι ἐνεδρεύειν· ἔστιν οὖν λόχη καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ μ λόχμη)
Comment
Functional etymology: the name of the thicket is derived from one of its functions, to provide a shelter for ambushes. The derivation is explained in the Etym. Magnum: λοχάω → *λόχη → λόχμη. The relationship between λόχμη and λόχος, λοχάω is indeed correct from our modern point of view, but the semantic relationship is not the one assumed here. Lentz assumes the first etymology mentioned by Orion comes from Herodian, which is not certain (see Parallels)