λεῖος

Word

Validation

No

Word-form

λίς

Transliteration (Word)

lis

English translation (word)

lion

Transliteration (Etymon)

leios

English translation (etymon)

smooth

Author

A scholion Il. 15.275

Century

before 6 AD

Source

Scholia vetera in Homeri Iliadem

Ref.

A scholion Il. 15.275b

Ed.

H. Erbse, Scholia Graeca in Homeri Iliadem (scholia vetera), vols. 1-5, 7, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1969-1988

Quotation

λίς: παρὰ τὸ λιαρόν, ἢ τὸ ἑλεῖν, ἢ τὸ λεῖον· λεῖος γὰρ ὅλος πλὴν τῆς χαίτης. ἢ παρὰ τὸ λίαν φθείρειν. A b (BCE3)T 

Translation (En)

Lis "lion": from liaros "warm", or from heleîn "to seize", or from leios "smooth", because the animal is entirely smooth except for the mane. Or from the fact that it destroys a lot (lian phtheirein).

Comment

The form λίς was deemed Aeolic by Greek scholars (D Scholion Il. 17.109). This etymology relies first on the iotacizing pronunciation of [ei] in Roman Greek, so that λεῖος was pronounced [lios], from which it was easy to derive λίς. Secondly, it relies on the fact that there are two different words λίς, one referring to the lion, and another one, an adjective used in Homer as the epithet of the rock and meaning "smooth" (Od. 12.79): the etymology aims at combining the two different meanings by deriving "lion" from "smooth". It is a descriptive etymology, referring to the formal aspect of the lion (and, for that matter, of many other animals…). It is one of the exegetical scholia, found both in A and in the bT scholia, which makes it no later than the 6th c.

Parallels

There is no parallel

Modern etymology

Rare poetic form, thought to be a loanword from Semitic (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre