χέω
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Reference
Edition
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Ed.
Quotation
Χαίρω. παρὰ τὸ χέω, οὗ συναλοιφὴ χῶ, καὶ παράγωγον χαίρω. τὸ διακεχυμένην καὶ ἡδομένην ἔχειν τὴν ψυχήν
Translation (En)
Khairō "to rejoice": from kheō "to pour", through contraction khō, and the derivative is khairō. The fact that one's soul is relaxed and pleased
Parallels
Philoxenus, fr. 57 (ap. Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1523) (ἄχος· ἡ λύπη. παρὰ τὸ μὴ διαχεῖσθαι, ἀλλὰ συνέχεσθαι τὴν ψυχήν· ὅθεν καὶ τὸ χαίρειν εἴρηται παρὰ τὸ διαχεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῆς ἡδονῆς); Orion, Etymologicum, alpha, p. 4 (Ἄχος, παρὰ τὸ μὴ διαχεῖσθαι, ἀλλὰ συνέχεσθαι τὴν ψυχὴν ἐν τῇ λύπῃ· ὅθεν τὸ χαίρειν εἴρηται, παρὰ τὸ διαχεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῆς χαρᾶς); idem, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. regio 2610) p. 175 (Ἄχος· ἀπὸ τοῦ μὴ διαχεῖσθαι· ὅθεν καὶ τὸ χαίρειν παρὰ τὸ διαχεῖσθαι); idem, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. Vat. gr. 1456) 21 (idem); idem, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. Darmstadino 2773), alpha, p. 611 Sturz (ἄχος, παρὰ τὸ μὴ διαχεῖσθαι ἀλλὰ συνέχεσθαι τὴν ψυχήν· ὅθεν τὸ χαίρειν εὕρηται παρὰ τὸ διαχεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῆς ἡδονῆς καὶ χαρᾶς); Philoxenus, fr. 30 (ap. Orion, Etymologicum, chi, p. 165) (χάρτης· παρὰ τὸ χῶ, τὸ χωρῶ, οὗ ὁ μέλλων χήσω. ὥσπερ τὸ χῶ, τὸ διαχέομαι, παράγωγον ποιεῖ τὸ χαίρω, οὕτω καὶ τὸ χῶ ἐπὶ τοῦ χωρῶ παράγωγον ποιεῖ τὸ χαίρω οὐκ ἐπὶ τοῦ σημαινομένου τὸ χαίρειν, <ἀλλ’ ἐπὶ τοῦ χωρεῖν>. παρὰ δὲ τὸ αὐτὸ χαίρω χάρτης, χωρητικὸς ὢν τῶν ἐγγραφομένων. Φιλόξενος ἐν τῷ Περὶ μονοσυλλάβων ῥημάτων); Epimerismi Homerici ordine alphabetico traditi, alpha 42 (ἄχος (Β 171): ὄνομα παρὰ τὸ χέω μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ α, ἡ <λύπη ἡ> μὴ διαχέουσα τῇ ψυχῇ ἀλλὰ συνέχουσα, ὥσπερ τοὐναντίον ἐπὶ τοῦ χαίρω παρὰ τὸ διαχεῖσθαι); ibid., alpha 71 (ἀχνύμενοι (Β 270): ἐκ τοῦ ἄχω· τοῦτο ἐκ τοῦ χῶ, τοῦ δηλοῦν<τος> τὸ διαχεῖσθαι τὴν ψυχὴν ὑπὸ τῆς ἡδονῆς καὶ χαρᾶς, ἐξ οὗ γίνεται χαίρω. λοιπὸν ἐκ τοῦ χῶ γίνεται ἄχω, τὸ μὴ διαχεῖσθαι ἀλλὰ συνέχεσθαι ὑπὸ λύπης τὴν ψυχήν); Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 251 (idem); ibid., alpha, p. 252 (Ἄχος· παρὰ τὸ χῶ, τὸ χέω, μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ α ἄχος, τὸ μὴ διαχεόμενον. ‖ ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ μὴ διαχεῖσθαι, ὅθεν καὶ <τὸ> χαίρειν παρὰ τὸ διαχεῖσθαι); Eustathius, Comm. Il. 2, 587 Van der Valk (Ὅτι διαχέει μὲν ἡ χαρά, ὡς δῆλον καὶ ἐκ τοῦ χαίρειν, ὅπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ χέω χῶ γίνεται, πυκνοποιεῖ δὲ ἡ λύπη); ibid., 4, 44 Van der Valk (ἐνταῦθα δὲ θυμὸν ἑκάστου ὁ Ἕκτωρ ἀέξει τῇ θεραπείᾳ, δώροις δηλαδὴ καὶ τιμαῖς καὶ τοιούτοις, ὑφ’ ὧν ψυχὴ μετεωριζομένη δοκεῖ πλείων ἑαυτῆς γίνεσθαι διαχεομένη. ὅθεν παρῆκται τὸ χαίρειν); Eustathius, Exegesis in canonem iambicum pentecostalem 1.241 (Ἰστέον δὲ καὶ ὅτι σεμνὴ λέξις ἡ χάρις καί πως ῥυτὴ καὶ αὐτὴ καθ’ αὑτὴν μονήρης λεγομένη δίχα τοῦ θεόρρυτος, καθότι καὶ χυτὴ τρόπον τινὰ εἴπερ ἐκ τοῦ χέω γίνεται τὸ χαίρω ὅθεν καὶ ἡ χάρις ἡ τῇ χαρᾷ παρώνυμος· διάχυσις γάρ τις καὶ ἡ χαρὰ καὶ ἡ χάρις, καθὰ σύγχυσις τὸ ἐναντίον αὐταῖς); Scholia in Oppinaum, Hal. 1.659 (ὥσπερ ἐκ τοῦ χῶ τὸ χέω γίνεται χαίρω, οὕτως καὶ ἐκ τοῦ χῶ χαλῶ καγχαλῶ κατὰ ἀναδιπλασιασμὸν, καὶ καγχαλόω ἰωνικῶς); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 182 (Ἄχος: Ἡ λύπη. Ἐκ τοῦ χῶ τοῦ δηλοῦντος τὸ διαχεῖσθαι, (ἐξ οὗ καὶ τὸ χαίρω) γίνεται ἄχω, παρὰ τὸ μὴ διαχεῖσθαι, ἀλλὰ συνέχεσθαι τὴν ψυχὴν ὑπὸ λύπης· ὅθεν καὶ τὸ χαίρειν εἴρηται παρὰ τὸ διαχεῖσθαι τὴν ψυχὴν ὑπὸ τῆς ἡδονῆς); ibid., p. 807 (Χαίρω: Παρὰ τὸ χῶ, τὸ διαχέω, παράγωγον χαίρω); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, chi, p. 1845 (Χαίρω. παρὰ τὸ χῶ, τὸ διαχέω)
Comment
This etymology, where the derivation base is reduced to the initial consonant (-αἰρω being analyzed as a suffix), relies on the meaning of διαχέομαι "to be relaxed", applied to the state of mind as well as to the face of a person, From there one moves on to the notion of peace, calm, and joy. The same idea is expressed in Plato's etymology of "joy" (see χαρά / χέω + ῥοή) with parses the word as a compound instead of a derivative, but also identifies the first element as χέω