ἀόριστος

Validation

Yes

Word-form

ἄριστον

Transliteration (Word)

ariston

English translation (word)

morning meal, breakfast

Transliteration (Etymon)

aoristos

English translation (etymon)

undetermined

Author

Etym. Genuinum

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1176

Ed.

F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras, Etymologicum magnum genuinum. Symeonis etymologicum una cum magna grammatica. Etymologicum magnum auctum, vol. 2, Athens: Parnassos Literary Society, 1992

Quotation

Ἄριστον (Ω 124)· ἐπὶ τῆς εὐωχίας, ἀόριστόν τι ὄν, ἀόριστον γάρ ἐστι κατὰ καιρόν· ἐντεῦθεν οὖν ἔχει τὸ α μακρόν. ἢ παρὰ τὸν Ἄρεα· τοῖς γὰρ εἰς Ἄρεα προσιοῦσι παρασκευάζεται, ὡς καὶ τὸ δεῖπνον

Translation (En)

Ariston "breakfast", for a good meal, aoriston, as it were, because it is undetermined (aoriston) regarding time. And this is why it has a long [ā]. Or from Ares, because it is prepared for those who are going to war, as also deipnon ("meal")

Comment

This etymology seems to blend two different etymons. The gloss ἐπὶ τὴν εὐωχίαν "for a good meal" seems to imply that the word is equated with ἄριστος "best". The etymological explanation coming next parses is, however, as a privative compound of ὁρίζω "to draw the limit", from the fact that the time of day is "not determined": as ἄριστον always refers to the morning meal, that can refer to the fact that men have breakfast earlier in the summer than in the winter, according to the hour of sunrise, or to the problem of the definition of δεῖπνον: if the latter is understood as the second meal of the day, then ἄριστον is the first one and is "breakfast", but since in Homer δεῖπνον is the first meal of the day, ἄριστον must refer to a meal which warriors had even before dawn (see Suda, delta 358, in ἄριστον / ἀριστεία), therefore it is "undetermined". Or this "etymology" reflects the fact that scholiasts and lexicographers disagree about when the ἄριστον took place, as for some it was after δεῖπνον and for others before δεῖπνον: in that case it would be a very nice example of etymology reflecting the exegetic process itself. This explanation accounts for the long quantity of the initial [ā], as underlined by the lexicographer: it would result from a contraction (this is not explicitly stated, but this is inferred by the formulation)

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges p. 143 (idem); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 198 (idem); Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, alpha p. 196 (idem); Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, delta p. 340 (Δεῖπνον· τὸ λεγόμενον ἄριστον. τὸ δὲ ⟦ἑ⟧σπεριν⟦ὸν δόρπος⟧. ‖ ἄριστον· μακρὸν τὸ α. μήποτέ ἐστι καὶ τὸ ἄριστον ἀόριστόν ⟦τι ὄν, τὸ⟧ παρὰ ⟦ἡμῖν λεγόμενον⟧ ἀκ⟦ρά⟧τι⟦σμα⟧, τὸ μ⟦ὴ ὡ⟧ρισμέν⟦ον⟧ τῷ κ⟦αιρῷ⟧); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, alpha p. 304 (Ἄριστον. ἀόριστόν τι ὄν· ἀόριστον γάρ ἐστι κατὰ καιρόν)

Modern etymology

Ἄριστον belongs probably with αὔριον and the derivatives of "dawn" (contra Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre