κελαινός + νείφω
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
κελαινεφέϊ
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
kelainephēs
English translation (word)
of the black cloud
Transliteration (Etymon)
kelainos + neiphō
English translation (etymon)
black + to snow
Century
before 4 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
A Scholion Il. 1.397
Ed.
H. Erbse, Scholia græca in Homeri Iliadem (scholia vetera), Berlin, 1971-1982
Quotation
κελαινεφέϊ: παρὰ τὸ μελαίνοντα τὸν ἀέρα νείφειν αὐτόν
Translation (En)
Kelainepheï ("of the black cloud"): from the fact that he lets rain (neiphein) fall, darkening (melainonta) the air
Parallels
Geneva Scholion Il. 1.397 (idem); Eustathius, Comm. Il., 1, 188 (Ζεὺς δὲ κελαινεφὴς παρὰ τὸ κελαινὸς φαίνεσθαι· τοιοῦτος γὰρ ὁ ἀήρ. ἐντεῦθεν δὲ καὶ αἷμά που ἐρεῖ κελαινεφές. ἢ παρὰ τὸ κελαίνεσθαι καὶ νείφειν, οἱονεὶ κελαινονεφής· ἢ παρὰ τὸ κελαίνεσθαι νέφεσι· νεφεληγερέτης γάρ. εἰ δὲ εἰς νοῦν ἀλληγορεῖται, τότε κάλλιόν ἐστιν εἰπεῖν αὐτὸν κελαινὸν μὲν διὰ τὸ βαθύ, φαεινὸν δὲ διὰ τὸ φύσει φωσφόρον)
Modern etymology
The word is a possessive compound of κελαινός "black" and νέφος "cloud"
Persistence in Modern Greek
No
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
This etymology parses the word as a compound, the second element of which is the verb neiphein, owing to the fact that kelainephēs is an epithet of Zeus and Zeus is the sky god who is the cause of rain and snow. The verb neiphein "to snow" is taken here as a mere equivalent for "to rain" because it was convenient for phonetic reasons, and since νείφω was assumed to be the etymon of νέφος (see νέφος / νείφω), this etymology is in line with the etymology of νέφος. It is an elliptic etymology, as the first element, kelainos, obsolete in Greek, is not given explicitly, but translated into a modernized equivalent (melainonta). As the etymology κελαινεφής / κελαινός + νέφος, it implies a syncope. This explanation is found in both the A scholia and the bT scholia and must date back to the 4th c. AD at least