ὄνησις

Validation

Yes

Word-form

ἡδονή

Transliteration (Word)

hēdonē

English translation (word)

pleasure

Transliteration (Etymon)

onēsis

English translation (etymon)

use, profit

Author

Plato

Century

4 BC

Source

Idem

Ref.

Cratylus 419b7-8

Ed.

J. Burnet, Platonis Opera, Oxford UP, 1903

Other translation(s)

Modern Greek: και η ηδονή έχει αυτό το όνομα, γιατί είναι πράξη που φαίνεται να τείνει προς την ωφέλεια - το δέλτα εισάγεται για να λέμε "ηδονή" αντί για "ηονή" 

Comment

The etymology relies on the principle that the starting point may be a syntagm rather than a word, with which it combines the usual phonetic manipulation of epenthesis: from hē onēsis (definite article + noun) one gets a new word *hēonē, and then hēdonē via the insertion of a consonant, [d] (based on the observation that the conjunction δὲ indeed can be inserted between the article and the noun). Dropping of the final syllable is assumed but not explicitly. This explanation does not take into account the morphological boundary between article and noun: rather, the article is used here to justify the initial [hē] of the considered word: Greek lexicographers almost never proceed that way, and Plato here departs from the etymological practice known to us from later sources

Modern etymology

Chantraine (1970, 406): “Ἡδονή” derives from “ἥδομαι”, meaning “to have pleasure”

Persistence in Modern Greek

Ηδονή is used in Modern Greek with the meanings: a) ‘intense pleasure, caused by the satisfaction of senses and instincts’ and b) 'psychic, mental, or moral pleasure' (Triandafyllidis, Dictionary of MG)

Entry By

Maria Chriti