βου-
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
βοῦς
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
bous
English translation (word)
cow, ox
Transliteration (Etymon)
bou-
English translation (etymon)
strong, big
Century
5 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etymologicum (excerpta e codice regio 2610), beta p. 177
Ed.
F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig: Weigel, 1820
Quotation
Βοῦς· διὰ τὸ βίαιον τῆς δυνάμεως
Translation (En)
Bous "cow, ox" is thus named because of the power (biaion) of its physical strength.
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, beta, p. 283 (Βοῦς· διὰ τὸ βίαιον τῆς δυνάμεως. ‖ ἢ παρὰ τὸ βῶ, τὸ τρέφω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ βόσις· δι’ αὐτῆς γὰρ τρεφόμεθα); Eustathius, Commentarium in Dionysii periegetae orbis descriptionem (ταῦροι γὰρ καὶ βόες παρὰ τοῖς παλαιοῖς τὰ μεγάλα καὶ βίαια, ὅθεν καὶ τὸ βου ἐπιτατικὸν μόριον κατά τινας εἴληπται ὡς ἐκ τοῦ βοός)
Modern etymology
Most scholars assume that *gwow- "cow, ox", known from all IE languages, is in fact derived from *gweh3- "to feed", root found in βόσκω, βόσις (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
Modern Greek has the form βόδι < mediev. βόιδι(ο)ν < hellenistic βοΐδιον, diminutive of βοῦς. Βου- also survives in compounds such as βουστάσιο, βουστροφηδόν (Triandafyllidis Dict. of MG)
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
This elliptic etymology relates βοῦς to the augmentative prefix βου- found in βούβρωστις "ravenous hunger", βουλιμία "idem", which can be translated βίαιος, as βουλιμία can be paraphrased as βίαιος λιμός "violent hunger". The etymon βου- is not given, only a semantic equivalent is. An explicit formulation would be Βοῦς· παρὰ τὸ βου-, ὅ ἐστι βίαιος, διὰ τὸ βίαιον τῆς δυνάμεως "Βοῦς comes from the prefix βου-, which means "strong", because of the power of its physical strength". The formulation is more explicit in Eustathius (see Parallels). This theory is partly correct from our modern point of view, since the augmentative prefix βου- was abstracted from compounds with "ox" as their first element, so that indeed βου- and βοῦς are related, but the real relationship is the opposite of the one assumed by Orion, namely, the augmentative prefix is derived from the name of the ox