Ἄρης
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
ἀργαλέος
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
argaleos
English translation (word)
painful
Transliteration (Etymon)
Arēs
English translation (etymon)
Ares (god of war)
Century
9 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1114
Ed.
F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras, Etymologicum magnum genuinum. Symeonis etymologicum una cum magna grammatica. Etymologicum magnum auctum, vol. 1, Rome: Ateneo, 1976
Quotation
Ἀργαλέος· χαλεπός· οἶμαι παρὰ τὸν Ἄρην, τὸν πόλεμον, ἀραλέος καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ γ ἀργαλέος. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄλγος, ὁ λύπας καὶ κακὰ ἐμποιῶν
Translation (En)
Argaleos "painful": I think it comes from Ares, meaning "war" : *araleos and through adjunction of [g], argaleos. Or it comes from algos "pain", and means he who produces evil and sorrow
Parallels
There are no parallels in ancient sources, unless one assumes that Quintus Smyrnaeus, Posthom. 7.365 ἀργαλέου […] ἀπ᾽ Ἄρεος is an etymological figura alluding to that etymology.
Modern etymology
Ἀργαλέος is derived from ἄλγος "pain", through dissimilation of an older *ἀλγαλέος.
Persistence in Modern Greek
No
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
This is a contextual etymology, relying on the association of ἀργαλέος with πόλεμος in Homer (Il. 14.87 ἀργαλέους πολέμους) and in later authors (Quintus Smyrnaeus, Posthom. 7.365 ἀργαλέου […] ἀπ᾽ Ἄρεος), or with other words meaning "fight" (Il. 11.278 φύλοπιν ἀργαλέην "painful battle").