νέομαι

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No

Last modification

Thu, 06/18/2026 - 22:20

Word-form

νεῦρον

Transliteration (Word)

neuron

English translation (word)

nerve, sinew

Transliteration (Etymon)

neomai

English translation (etymon)

to come back

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Etymologicum, nu, p. 109

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Νεῦρον. παρὰ τὸ νεῖσθαι ἅπαν τὸ κινούμενον καὶ ἐπὶ πάντα προϊὸν ἐν ἡμῖν. τί γὰρ ὁρμητικώτερον νοῦ;

Translation (En)

Neuron "nerve". From the fact that all that is set in motion "goes" (neisthai), and that it reaches everything in us. For what is more exciting than the mind?

Comment

Derivational etymology, probably designed for the meaning "nerve" rather than the meaning "sinew", as is clear from the last sentence "what is more exciting than the mind?": this probably refers to the brain, from which the nerves are born, and the nerves impede motion by exciting the muscles. So, the nerve is what sets in motion the body parts and the various organs. The verb νέομαι is here used as a synonym of "to go", as is the case in other etymologies in which any motion verb can be used in order to provide the required phonetic sequence. The formulation may be corrupt in Orion's main manuscript—compare one of the excerpta (see Parallels) where the definition is clearer: the nerve "runs through the whole body"

Parallels

Orion, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. Darmstadino 2773), p. 615 (νεῦρον, περὶ τὸ νεῖσθαι δι’ ὅλου τοῦ σώματος); Etym. Gudianum, nu, p.406 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 601 (idem); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, nu, p. 1394 (idem)

Modern etymology

Old inherited name of the sinew or nerve, cognate with Av. snãvar- "idem", and Lat. nervus with metathesis. PIE *sneh1wr/n-

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has νεύρο "nerve"

Entry By

Le Feuvre