κρότος
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Reference
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Ed.
Quotation
Κρόταφοι, κυρίως μὲν ἡ λέξις ἐπὶ τῶν ζώων τῶν κερατοφόρων, διὰ τὸ ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν μερῶν φύεσθαι τὰ κέρατα, οἱονεὶ κερατοφόροι τινὲς ὄντες, ἢ ὅτι κρούουσι τὴν ἁφὴν παλλόμενοι, οἷον κρούταφοι· ὡς δὲ Ἀπολλόδωρος, ὅτι συγκεκρότηνται ἀμφοτέρωθεν· ὁ δὲ Ἀπίων, ὅτι τοῦ κρόσσου ἅπτονται, τουτ’ἔστι τῆς κεφαλῆς. οὕτως Ὦρος
Translation (En)
Krotaphoi "temples". The word properly applies to horned animals, because their hors grow from this body part, as though the temples were the "horn-bearers" (keratophoroi); or because they strike (krouousi) when you touch them (tēn haphēn), bouncing. However, Apollodorus says that it is because they strike together (sunkekrotēntai) on both sides <of the head>. And Apion, because they touch the krossos, that is to say, the head. So says <Orion> [the text has Aros, the confusion between the two names is frequent]
Parallels
Joannes Mauropus, Etymologica nominum 187 (Κροτεῖ κρόταφος τὴν ἁφὴν σφύζων ἄγαν); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 212(παράγεται δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἕδος, τὸ ἔδαφος. ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ κροτεῖν κατά τινας ἢ τοῦ κρότου, ὁ κρόταφος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 541 (Κρόταφοι: Κυρίως ἐπὶ τῶν ζῴων τῶν κερατοφόρων, διὰ τὸ ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν μερῶν φύεσθαι κέρατα, οἱονεὶ κερατοφόροι τινες ὄντες· ἢ ὅτι κρούουσι τὴν ἁφὴν παλλόμενοι, οἷον κρούταφοι ὡς δὲ Ἀπολλόδωρος, ὅτι συγκεκρότηνται ἀμφοτέρωθεν· ὡς δὲ Ἀπίων, ὅτι τῆς κόρσης ἅπτονται, τουτέστι τῆς κεφαλῆς. Οὕτως Σωρανός. Ἢ παρὰ τὴν κόρσην, κόρσαφος, καὶ κόρταφος· καὶ ἐν ὑπερθέσει, κρόταφος. Ἢ ὅτι τῆς κόρσης ἁφή ἐστι· κόρση, κρόση· καὶ κρόσας· καὶ τὸ κροσὸς οὕτως ἐτυμολογεῖται ἀπὸ τοῦ τέλους· φησὶ γὰρ, ἡ κεφαλὴ τὸ τελευταῖον ὁ κροσὸς καλεῖται. Ἢ ὅτι ὁ κρουόμενος εἰς αὐτὸν, τάφον ἔχει, καὶ ἔμπληκτος γίνεται, ὡς τὸ, ‘τάφος δ’ ἕλε πάντας Ἀχαιούς’); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, kappa, p. 1251 (Κρόταφον. τὸν μήνιγγα λέγει. ὁ ἅμα τῇ κρούσει τὸν τάφον φέρων. ἢ ὅτι τῆς κόρσης καὶ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἐστὶν ἁφή. κρόταφος δὲ κυρίως ἐπὶ τῶν ζώων τῶν κερατοφόρων, διὰ τὸ ἐξ αὐτῶν τῶν μερῶν φύεσθαι τὰ κέρατα· οἱονεὶ κερατοφόροι τινὲς ὄντες. ἢ ὅτι κρούουσι τὴν ἁφὴν παλλόμενοι, οἷον κρούταφοι. ὁ δὲ Ἀπολλόδωρος, ὅτι συγκεκρότηνται ἀμφοτέρωθεν. ὁ δὲ Ἀπίων, ὅτι τοῦ κροσσοῦ ἅπτονται, τουτέστι τῆς κεφαλῆς)
Comment
Derivational etymology. The pulse can be felt on the temples, which seem to "beat". Therefore, they were etymologized as the "beating" ones. The etymon κρότος provides the beginning of the word and -αφος is treated as a suffix. Modern scholars assume that this etymology is correct.