εἰμί
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
ἔτος (Β 328): παρὰ τὸ ἔω, τὸ ὑπάρχω, γίνεται ἔος καὶ ἔτος. διαφέρει δὲ ἔτος καὶ ἐτός· βαρυτόνως μὲν γὰρ σημαίνει τὸν χρόνον, ὀξυτόνως δὲ τὸν ἀληθῆ, ἐξ οὗ καὶ ἐτεός κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ ε.
Translation (En)
Etos "year". From eō "to be", comes *eos and etos. There is a difference between égos and etós. If it is barytone (étos), it means "time" (khronos), if it is oxytone (etós), it means "true", from which is derived eteos "true" by addition of /e/
Parallels
Etym. Parvum, epsilon 2 (Ἔτος· παρὰ τὸ ἔω, τὸ ὑπάρχω, γίνεται ἔος καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ Τ ἔτος); Choeroboscus, Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 151 (ἔτος. παρὰ τὸ ἔω τὸ πληρῶ, ἔος καὶ ἔτος); Etym. Gudianum, epsilon, p. 548–549 (Ἐπιμερισμῶν τοῦ Ψαλτηρίου Ἔτος <Β 328>· παρὰ τὸ ἔω, τὸ ὑπάρχω, γίνεται ἔος καὶ ἔτος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 387 (Ἔτος: Βαρυτόνως, σημαίνει τὸν χρόνον. Παρὰ τὸ ἕω, τὸ ὑπάρχω καὶ τελειῶ, γίνεται ἔτος· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἔτι καὶ ἔτι εἶναι καὶ ἰέναι)
Comment
Derivational etymology. The starting point is the ghost form ἔω, thematic variant of εἰμί. It provides the dissyllabic stem ἐο-, found in all dialects outside Attic. The insertion of /t/ is a pathos. The semantics rely on the meaning of the plural ἔτη "years", which also means "time" — in the Epimerisms ἔτος is glossed by χρόνος "time". Time is what "is" and never ceases to be