ἐρέφω

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Sun, 12/15/2024 - 22:25

Word-form

ἔρεβος

Transliteration (Word)

erebos

English translation (word)

dark of the underworld

Transliteration (Etymon)

ΕΡΕΠΗō

English translation (etymon)

to cover

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

Fr. 484*

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

Orion

Ref.

Etymologicum, p. 62

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Ἔρεβος· παρὰ τὸ ἐρέφω τροπῇ τοῦ φ εἰς β· τὸ κατεστεγασμένον ὑπὸ τῆς γῆς.

Translation (En)

Erebos "darkness of the underworld": from erephō "to cover", by change of the /ph/ to /b/. That which is covered by the earth

Comment

Derivational etymology, requiring only one formal change in the last consonant. The word etymologically means "darkness" but, since it is mostly used for the underworld, it was easy to etymologize it by its position with respect to the earth.

Parallels

Cornutus, Theologiae Graecae compendium 17 (τὸ δὲ Ἔρεβος ἐκ τοῦ Χάους ἐγένετο, ὁ ποιῶν ἐρέφεσθαι καὶ περιλαμβάνεσθαί τι ὑφ’ ἑτέρου λόγος, καθὸ καὶ τούτου τυχοῦσα ἡ Γῆ παραχρῆμα ὁμοιόσχημον αὐτῇ τὸν Οὐρανὸν ἐγέννησεν); Etym. Gudianum, epsilon, p. 518 (Ἔρεβος· .... παρὰ τὸ εἰς τὴν ἔραν βαίνειν· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐρέφω, τὸ στεγάζω, ἔρεφος καὶ Ἔρεβος, τὸ ὑπὸ τῆς γῆς ἐστεγασμένον. καθὼς καὶ τῷ ποιητῇ <Aristoph. Av. 693> δοκεῖ, ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν Ἔρεβος καὶ Χάος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 370 (Ἔρεβος: Τὸ ὑπὸ τὴν γῆν σκότος· παρὰ τὸ ἐρέφω, τροπῇ τοῦ φ εἰς β· τὸ κατεστεγασμένον ὑπὸ τῆς γῆς. Ἢ παρὰ τὴν ἔραν, τὴν γῆν, τὸ ὑπὸ τὴν ἔραν βαῖνον); Etym. Symeonis, epsilon 737 (Ἔρεβος· τὸ ὑπὸ γῆν σκότος· παρὰ τὸ ἐρέφω τὸ κατεστεγασμένον ὑπὸ τῆς γῆς. Ἢ παρὰ τὴν ἔραν, τὸ ὑπὸ τὴν ἔραν βαῖνον); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, p. 858 (Ἔρεβος. τὸ ὑπὸ τὴν γῆν σκότος, ὁ πρὸ τοῦ ταρτάρου τόπος. παρὰ τὸ ἐρέφω. τὸ καταστεγασμένον ὑπὸ τῆς γῆς. ἢ παρὰ τὴν ἔραν βαῖνον); Scholia in Sophoclem, Aj. 395b (recentiora) (ἔρεβος τὸ ὑπὸ τὴν γῆν σκότος, παρὰ τὸ ἐρέφω τὸ στεγάζω· τὸ κατεστεγασμένον ὑπὸ τῆς γῆς· ἢ παρὰ τὴν ἔραν, τὸ ὑπὸ τὴν ἔραν βαῖνον)

Modern etymology

PIE *h1regw-os- "darkness", cognate with Ved. rájas- "dust", Arm. erek, -oy "evening", Goth. riqiz "dark" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has έρεβος as a learned word "deep darkness"

Entry By

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