θοῶς + ὀρούω

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Last modification

Sun, 11/10/2024 - 12:35

Word-form

θοῦρος

Transliteration (Word)

thouros

English translation (word)

impetuous

Transliteration (Etymon)

thoōs + orouō

English translation (etymon)

quickly + to rush forward

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Etymologicum, theta, p. 72

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Θοῦρος. ὁ θοῶς ὀρούων

Translation (En)

Thouros "impetuous", the one quickly (thoōs) rushing forward (orouōn)

Comment

Compositional descriptive etymology. The compound is assumed to have the structure Adv.-V. The etymology, as often, keeps only the first syllable of the first etymon /tho/, and a metathesis is required for the second one (/orou/ > /uro/)

Parallels

Etym. Gudianum, theta, p. 264 (Θοῦρος, ὁ πολεμικὸς, παρὰ τὸ θόος ὁ ῥούων ἤγουν ὁρμῶν); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 453 (Θοῦρος: Ὁ ὁρμητικὸς, ὁ πολεμιστής· καὶ θοῦρον, τὸν πηδητικὸν καὶ ταχύν· οἱονεὶ ὁ θοῶς ὀρούων, ἢ ὁ κούφως ὀρούων. Παρὰ τὸ θέρω, τὸ θερμαίνω, θόρος καὶ θοῦρος· ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῆς τοῦ πυρὸς ὁρμῆς· καὶ θορεῖν, τὸ πηδᾶν, παρὰ τὸ αὐτό. Ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ θέω ῥήματος· ὅθεν καὶ τὸ θεῖον τὴν ἀρχὴν εἴληφεν· ὥστε τὴν γεννητικὴν τοῦ πυρὸς οὐσίαν ἀπὸ τοῦ θέω ῥήματος ὀνομάσαι τοὺς ἀρχαίους. Ταύτῃ γοῦν τοὺς μὲν ταχεῖς, θερμοὺς λέγουσι· τοὺς δὲ βραδεῖς, ψυχρούς. Ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ θοῦρος γίνεται θορῶ, τὸ ὁρμῶ καὶ πηδῶ); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, theta, p. 1048 ([Θοῦρος. ὁρμητικός. πολεμικώτατος. οἱονεὶ ὁ θοῶς ὀρούων. ἢ παρὰ τὸ θέρω, τὸ θερμαίνω, γίνεται θόρος καὶ θοῦρος. ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῆς τοῦ πυρὸς ὁρμῆς. καὶ θορεῖν τὸ πηδᾷν.]); Schol. Oppianum, Hal. 2.667 (θοῦρος· ὁρμητικὸς, πολεμιστής· καὶ θοῦρον τὸν πηδητικὸν καὶ ταχὺν, οἱονεὶ θοῶς <ὀ>ρούων); Schol. Sophoclem, Aj. 212b (θούριος, ὁρμητικὸς ὁ πολεμιστής, οἱονεὶ ὁ θοῶς ὀρούων ἢ παρὰ τὸ θέρω τὸ θερμαίνω γίνεται θερὸς καὶ τοῦ ῥοῦ. ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῆς τοῦ πυρὸς ὁρμῆς. καὶ θορεῖν τὸ πηδᾶν. ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ θροεῖν ἐπιτήδεια)

Modern etymology

Older *θόρϝος. Belongs with θρώσκω, ἔθορον "to leap". Cognate with OIr. -dair "to leap upon", from PIE *dherh3- "to jump" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No. MG still has the derived adjective θούριος "warlike" as a learned word

Entry By

Le Feuvre