αὔω

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Sat, 10/12/2024 - 21:20

Word-form

αὐλός

Transliteration (Word)

aulos

English translation (word)

pipe

Transliteration (Etymon)

auō

English translation (etymon)

to shout

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Etymologicum, alpha, p. 13

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Αὐλός, παρὰ τὸ αὖσαι καὶ φωνῆσαι· αὖε δ’ Ἄρης. παρὰ τὸ ἄω τὸ πνέω καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ υ.

Translation (En)

Aulos "pipe": because it shouts (ausai) and produces a sound. ‘Aue d' Arēs’ ("and Arēs shouted", Il. 20.51). From "to blow", with addition of /u/.

Comment

Derivational etymology, meant to account for the meaning "windpipe". As a music instrument, it produces a sound, hence the etymology by a verb meaning "to shout"

Parallels

Orion, Etymologicum, delta, p. 45 (Δαλός. παρὰ τὸ δαίω τὸ καίω. δαιλὸς καὶ δαλός. ὁ μέλλων καύσω· ὡς παρὰ τὸ αὔω, αὔσω, αὐλὸς, τὸ φωνητικὸν ὄργανον); Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1394 (Αὐλός· τὸ φωνητικὸν ὄργανον καὶ ὁ εἰς εὐθὺ ἐξακοντισμὸς τοῦ αἵματος χ 18 καὶ περόνης μέτρον τ 227. οὕτως ἐν τῷ Ῥητορικῷ. γέγονε δὲ παρὰ τὸ αὔω, τὸ φωνῶ, αὐλός, ὡς δαίω δαυλός); Epimerismi homerici ordine alphabetico traditi, alpha 21 (ἀϋτῆς (Β 97): παρὰ τὸ αὔω, τὸ φωνῶ· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ ἄω, τὸ πνέω, πλεονασμῷ αὔω καὶ ὁ μέλλων αὔσω καὶ ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν αὐλός, ἡ ἐπιμήκης παράτασις, καὶ παρώνυμον ὄνομα ἡ αὖλαξ, ἡ ἐπιμήκης διαχάραξις τοῦ ἀρότρου); ibid., alpha 375 (αὔω: εἰ μὲν τὸ ξηραίνω δηλοῖ, γέγονε παρὰ τὸ ὕω, τὸ βρέχω, καὶ τὸ στερητικὸν α ἀΰω καὶ αὕω. εἰ δὲ τὸ φωνῶ, <ὡς> Ὅμηρος ‘αὖε δ’ Ἄρης ἑτέρωθεν’ (Υ 51), <παρὰ τὸ ἄω,> τὸ πνέω, ὥς φησιν Ἡρωδιανός (2, 272, 15)· ἔνθεν καὶ αὐλός, τὸ φωνητικὸν ὄργανον, ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ πνεύματος ἐξέρχεται ἡ φωνή); ibid., delta 1 (ὡς παρὰ τὸ αὔω, τὸ φωνῶ, καὶ αὔσω, τὸ φωνητικὸν ὄργανον αὐλός, δαύω δαυλός); ibid., alpha, p. 235 (Ἀϋτῆς <Β 97>· παρὰ τὸ αὔω, τὸ φωνῶ· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ ἄω, τὸ πνέω, καὶ πλεονασμῷ αὔω, ὁ μέλλων αὔσω, ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν αὐλός); Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, alpha, p. 233 (Αὐλός· πᾶν τὸ στενὸν καὶ ἐπίμηκες, κυρίως δὲ ἡ σύριγξ. παρὰ αὖσαι, τὸ βοᾶν. | Αὐλός· παρὰ τὸ αὖσαι καὶ βοῆσαι, <Υ 51> „αὖε δ’ Ἄρης“. καὶ τὸ φωνητικὸν ὄργανον αὐλός. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄω, τὸ πνέω, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ υ); ibid., p. 233 (Αὐλός· […] ἢ παρὰ τὸ αὔω αὐλός, ὡς δαίω δαιλός); ibid., p. 238 (Αὔω· σημαίνει ϛʹ· αὔω, [τὸ] τὸ λάμπω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ αὔριον· αὔω τὸ ξηραίνω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ αὖος, ὁ ξηρός, καὶ Ὅμηρος <Ψ 327> „ἕστηκε[ν] ξύλον αὖον“· αὔω, τὸ φωνῶ, ἐξ οὗ καὶ <Υ 51> „αὖε δ’ Ἄρης ἑτέρωθεν“ ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐφώνει· αὔω, τὸ καίω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ βάναυσος, ὁ περὶ τῷ πυρὶ ἐργαζόμενος· αὔω, τὸ πνέω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ αὐλός· αὔω, τὸ κοιμῶμαι, οὗ ὁ μέλλων ἀέσω, ἐξ οὗ ἀεσίφρων, ὁ μὴ ἔχων διεγηγερμένας τὰς φρένας); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 4, p. 232 (Γίνεται δὲ αὐλὸς ἀπὸ τοῦ αὔειν, ὅ ἐστι βοᾶν, οὗ παρώνυμος ὁ αὐλών, ἐπιμήκης αὐτὸς καὶ παραμήκης τόπος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 169 (Αὐλός: Τὸ φωνητικὸν ὄργανον. Παρὰ τὸ αὔω, τὸ φωνῶ, αὐλὸς, ὡς δαίω, δαλός); ibid., p. 170 (Αὖλαξ: Σπήλαιον κοῖλον, διώρυξ, καὶ ἀρότρου τρίβος. Παρωνόμασται παρὰ τὸ αὐλός. Αὖλαξ γὰρ λέγεται ἡ ἐπίμηκος τομὴ, ἡ ἐπιμήκης διαχάραξις τοῦ ἀρότρου. Αὐλὸς δέ ἐστιν ἡ ἐπιμήκης παράτασις. Παρὰ τὸ αὔω, τὸ φωνῶ, ὁ μέλλων, αὔσω· ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν, αὐλός); Etym. Symeonis, delta 29 (Δαλός· ὁ πεπυρακτωμένος ἄνθραξ· ἢ ξύλου ἀπόκαυμα· ἢ δᾳδίον ἡμίφλεκτον· παρὰ τὸ δαίω δαλὸς καὶ δαυλός. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ δαίω δαίσω δαυλός, ὡς αὔω αὔσω αὐλός, τὸ φωνητικὸν ὄργανον); ibid., delta 56 (Δαυλός· παρὰ τὸν δαίσω μέλλοντα δαιλὸς καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ ι εἰς υ, δαυλός· ἢ παρὰ τὸ δαίω δαίσω δαυλός, ὡς αὔω αὔσω αὐλός, τὸ φωνητικὸν ὄργανον); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, delta, p. 464 (Δαλός. λαμπὰς ἢ ξύλον καιόμενον. παρὰ τὸ δαίω δαλὸς καὶ δαυλός. [ἢ παρὰ τὸ δαίω, δαίσω, δαυλὸς, ὡς αὔω, αὔσω, αὐλός.])

Modern etymology

Cognate with Lith. aũlas "leg of a boot", Lat. alvus "cavity", from PIE *h2eu-l- "tube" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has αυλός as a learned word referring to the old musical instrument aulos

Entry By

Le Feuvre