θεῖος

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Last modification

Mon, 10/28/2024 - 14:50

Word-form

θεσπέσιον

Transliteration (Word)

thespesios

English translation (word)

divine, wonderful

Transliteration (Etymon)

theios

English translation (etymon)

divine

Author

Apollonius Soph.

Century

1 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Lexicon homericum, p. 87

Ed.

I. Bekker, Apollonii Sophistae lexicon Homericum, Berlin, 1833

Quotation

θεσπέσιον· ὁ μὲν Ἀπίων συνθέτου τῆς λέξεως οὔσης ἀποδίδωσι θεσπέσιον τὸ ἐκ θεοῦ ἑπόμενον ἢ ἐκ θεοῦ λεγόμενον· δύναται δὲ καὶ παραγώγως θεῖον εἶναι.

Translation (En)

Thespesion "wonderful". Apion says thespesios is a compound, "spoken (hepomenon) by a god (ek theou)", that is, said by the god; but it can also mean "divine" (theion), as a derivative

Comment

Derivational etymology, meant to account for the lines where θεσπέσιος simply means "divine" and not specifically "spoken by a god". Whether this etymology goes back to Apion as the compositional etymology mentioned first is unclear. The second etymology can be an additional remark by Apollonius. The opposition between a compositional etymology for the proper meaning and a derivational etymology for the metaphoric meaning of the same word is also found for κελαινεφής, and for the latter it probably goes back to Aristarchus (see κελαινεφής / κελαινός). The double etymology of θεσπέσιος could go back to Aristarchus, too. As a derivative, θεσπέσιος is etymologized by its synonym θεῖος

Parallels

Hesychius, Lexicon, theta 386 (θεσπέσιον· θεῖον, παραγώγως. ὅταν δὲ λέγῃ· γνώσεαι εἰ <καὶ> θεσπεσίῃ πόλιν οὐκ ἀλαπάξεις Β 367 τῇ θεότητι λέγει, εἰ μὴ κατὰ συνεκδοχὴν ἀκούοιμεν θεσπεσίῃ, τῇ ἐκ θεῶν βουλήσει)

Modern etymology

Compound of θεός "god" + verbal adjective *σπετός "uttered" (cf. ἄσπετος "unspeakable"), from *sekw- "to speak" (ἔννεπε, ἕσπετε, Lat. inquit) (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has θεσπέσιος "extraordinarily beautiful" as a learned word

Entry By

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