ὁ + πάροδος
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
ἧπαρ
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
hēpar
English translation (word)
liver
Transliteration (Etymon)
ho + parodos
English translation (etymon)
the + entrance
Source
Orion
Ref.
Etymologicum, eta, p. 68
Ed.
F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820
Quotation
Ἧπαρ. ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐπήρθαι τὸ κεκυρτῶσθαι. Ὑψικράτης· ὅτι δι’ αὐτοῦ ἡ πάροδος τῆς τροφῆς. ὁ δὲ Ἡρωδιανὸς ἐν τῷ Συμποσίῳ, παρὰ τὸ ἐπαίρεσθαι φησὶν ἐπάρ τι ὂν καὶ ἧπαρ, τροπῇ τοῦ ε εἰς η. ἢ παρὰ τὸ <ἥ>δω, ἧδαρ, καὶ ἧπαρ. ἐν τούτῳ γὰρ τὸ τῆς ἡδονῆς καὶ τὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας [NB: Sturz prints εἴδω]
Translation (En)
Hēpar "liver", from the fact it is suspended and rounded. Hypsikratēs, because of the arrival of food. But Herodian says in his Symposion that it comes from epairesthai "to be lifted", a *epar, as it were, and hēpar, by change of /e/ to /ē/. Or from <hē>dō, *ēdar and hēpar, for in it lies the sense of pleasure and of desire
Modern etymology
Old inherited name of the liver, from *Hyēkw-r̥. Cognate with Lat. jecur, Ved. yakr̥t (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
MG still has ήπαρ as a learned word (anatomical vocabulary)
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
The etymology is the hypostatic of a noun phrase article + noun. Only the beginning of the noun is kept—and this beginning is the preverb. Etymologies incorporating the article are not exceptional, but Greek grammarians do not use that.