ἐπαίρω
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Reference
Edition
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Ἧπαρ. ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐπήρθαι τὸ κεκυρτῶσθαι. Ὑψικράτης· ὅτι δι’ αὐτοῦ ἡ πάροδος τῆς τροφῆς. ὁ δὲ Ἡρωδιανὸς ἐν τῷ Συμποσίῳ, παρὰ τὸ ἐπαίρεσθαι φησὶν ἐπάρ τι ὂν καὶ ἧπαρ, τροπῇ τοῦ ε εἰς η. ἢ παρὰ τὸ <ἥ>δω, ἧδαρ, καὶ ἧπαρ. ἐν τούτῳ γὰρ τὸ τῆς ἡδονῆς καὶ τὸ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας [NB: Sturz prints εἴδω]
Translation (En)
Hēpar "liver", from the fact it is suspended and rounded. Hypsikratēs, because of the arrival of food. But Herodian says in his Symposion that it comes from epairesthai "to be lifted", a *epar, as it were, and hēpar, by change of /e/ to /ē/. Or from <hē>dō, *ēdar and hēpar, for in it lies the sense of pleasure and of desire
Parallels
Meletius, De natura hominis, p. 102 ( λέγεται δὲ ἧπαρ, παρὰ τὸ ἐπῆρθαι καὶ κεκυρτῶσθαι· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐπαρδεύειν ὅλον τῷ σώματι αἷμα· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἥδω τὸ εὐφραίνω, ἧδαρ καὶ ἧπαρ· ἐν γὰρ τούτῳ καὶ τὰ τῆς ἡδονῆς, καὶ τὰ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας· ὅτι καὶ Τιτυὸς διὰ τοῦ ἥπατος κολάζεται); Leo Medicus, De natura hominum synopsis 67 (λέγεται δὲ ἧπαρ παρὰ <τὸ> ἐπῆρθαι καὶ κυρτοῦσθαι ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἀρδεύειν τὸ σῶμα ὅλον αἵματι); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 433 (Ἧπαρ: Παρὰ τὸ ἐπῆρθαι καὶ κεκυρτῶσθαι· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐπαρδεύειν τῷ σώματι καὶ χορηγεῖν τὸ αἷμα· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐπαίρεσθαι ἔπαρ, καὶ ἧπαρ· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἥδω, τὸ εὐφραίνομαι, ἧδαρ καὶ ἧπαρ· δι’ αὐτοῦ γὰρ εὐφραινόμεθα, καὶ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ μέρει τὰ τῆς ἡδονῆς καὶ τὰ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας ἔγκειται); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, eta, p. 1001 (Ἧπαρ. ὄργανον ἐξαιματώσεως τροφῶν. παρὰ τὸ ἐπῆρθαι καὶ κυρτῶσθαι. τινὲς δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐπαρδεύειν ὅλῳ τῷ σώματι τὸ αἷμα. ὁ δὲ Ἡρω- διανὸς παρὰ τὸ ἐπαίρεσθαι φησὶν, οἷον ἔπαρ τὶ ὂν καὶ ἦπαρ. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἥδω, τὸ εὐφραίνομαι, ἧδαρ καὶ ἧπαρ· ἐν γὰρ τούτῳ τῷ μέρει τὰ τῆς ἡδονῆς καὶ τῆς ἐπιθυμίας ἔγκειται. οὕτως Ὦρος ὁ Μιλήσιος)
Comment
Derivational descriptive etymology. The liver is "suspended" in the abdomen. The etymology requires a lengthening of the initial vowel. The etymon is a combination verb + prefer, and the preverb is kept in the lemma, while the -αρ is the radical of αἴρω. The initial aspiration is not accounted for.