εἴδω

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Sun, 08/25/2024 - 15:50

Word-form

ἶσος

Transliteration (Word)

isos

English translation (word)

equal

Transliteration (Etymon)

eidō

English translation (etymon)

to see

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Etymologicum, iota, p. 80

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Ἶσος. παρὰ τὸ εἴδω τὸ ὁμοιῶ. οὗ μέλλων εἴσω. ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα ἶσος, κατὰ ἀποβολὴν τοῦ ε.  

Translation (En)

Isos "equal". From eidō "to make similar", the future of which is his, verbal noun isos, after dropping of the /e/

Comment

Derivational etymology, starting as often from the future form of the verb. The etymon is εἴδομαι, middle arm used in Homer in the meaning "to make similar". What is "equal" is "similar"

Parallels

Epimerismi homerici ordine alphabetico traditi, iota 23 (ἴκελος· […] ἔστι δὲ εἴδω καὶ τὸ ὁμοιῶ ‘εἰδομένη ξε<ί>νῳ’ (α 105), ἐξ οὗ ὁ μέλλων εἴσω, ἐξ οὗ τὸ εἴσκω καὶ ἐΐσκω. παρὰ τοῦτο οὖν τὸ εἴδω γίνεται ἐκ τοῦ μέλλοντος τοῦ εἴσω ἶσος· κυρίως δὲ ἶσον τὸ ὅμοιόν τινι· ‘ἶσος Ἐνυαλίῳ’ (Χ 132)); ibid., iota 12 (ἶσος (Ε 438 alibi): ὄνομα ἐπιθετικὸν εἴδους ῥηματικοῦ. παρὰ γὰρ τὸ εἴδω, τὸ ὁμοιῶ, ὁ μέλλων εἴσω ἶσος); Epimerismi homerici Îl. 1.163 (ἶσον: παρὰ τὸ εἴδω, τὸ ὁμοιῶ, ὁ μέλλων εἴσω καὶ ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα συστολῇ τοῦ ε ἶσος); Etym. Parvum, iota 9 (Orion Ἴσος· παρὰ τὸ ἵημι τὸ πορεύομαι· ὁ μέλλων ἥσω καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἴσος, ὁ τοῖς λοιποῖς ἀκολουθῶν. ἢ παρὰ τὸ εἴδω τὸ ὁμοιῶ· ὁ μέλλων εἴσω καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἴσος); Suda, iota 133 (Ἴδρις: ἔμπειρος. ἀπὸ τοῦ ἴδω, ἴσω. καὶ ἴδιος, ὁ ἐν γνώσει ἡμῖν ὤν. παρὰ τὸν μέλλοντα αὐτοῦ ἴστωρ. καὶ εἰδήμων ἀπὸ τοῦ εἰδῶ, εἰδήσω. γίνεται δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ εἴδω, εἴσω, εἶσος καὶ ἶσος. κυρίως γὰρ ἶσος ἐστὶν ὁ ὅμοιός τινι); Etym. Gudianum, iota, p. 283 (Ἶσος, γέγονε παρὰ τὸ εἴδω τὸ ὁμοιῶ, ὁ μέλλων εἴσω, ἐξ αὐτοῦ ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα, συστολῇ τοῦ ε, ἶσος); ibid., p. 283 (Ἶσος, παρὰ τὸ ἴημι τὸ πορεύομαι, ὁ μέλλων ἴσω καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἶσος, ὁ τοὺς λοιποὺς ἀκολουθῶν. ἢ ἶσος διὰ  τοῦ ἰῶτα, ὤφειλε διὰ διφθόγγου, παρὰ γὰρ τὸ εἴδω, τὸ σημαῖνον τὸ ὁμοιῶ, ὁ ὅμοιος ἑτέρῳ τινὶ· πολλὰ γάρ εἰσιν ὀνόματα); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 477 (Ἴσος: Ὁ ὅμοιος ἐξίσου. Παρὰ τὸ εἴδω, τὸ ὁμοιῶ, ὁ μέλλων, εἴσω, ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα, ἴσος, κατὰ  ἀποβολὴν τοῦ ε); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, iota, p. 1122 (Ἶσος. ὁ ὅμοιος. [ἰστέον, ὅτι τὸ ἶσος εὕρηται συνεσταλμένον· ‘ἤλασε Κιμμερίω ψαμάθῳ ἴσον— οὕτω Καλλίμαχος. παρὰ τὸ εἴδω, τὸ ὁμοιῶ, ὁ μέλλων εἴσω, ῥῆμα ὄνομα εἶσος, καὶ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ε ἶσος).

The etymology may be implicit in Porphyry, Quaestionum homericarum ad Iliadem pertinentium reliquiae, ad Il. 12.103 (ap. Schol. Od. 5.281a1 Pontani) ((εἴσαντο:) σημαίνει γὰρ καὶ τὸ ὑπέλαβον, καὶ τὸ ἐπορεύθησαν, καὶ ἴσος καὶ ὅμοιος γενόμενος· ἀλλὰ τὸ μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ εἴδω, τὸ δὲ ἐπορεύθη ἀπὸ τοῦ ἔω, τὸ δὲ ὡμοιώθη ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐίσκω)

Modern etymology

Older *ϝισϝος, derived by most scholars from *wid-s-wo-, itself derived from the s-stem found in εἶδος "aspect" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has ίσος "equal"